Emission characteristics of biodiesel ratios of 10%, 20%, and, 30% in a single-cylinder diesel engine

This research is devoted to investigate the effects of biodiesel ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30% to the emission of single cylinder diesel engine. Fuel blends comprise of 10% (B10), 20% (B20), and 30% (B30) with adding 0.1 ml of additives to each litre of fuel blend volume are put to the test on a diesel engine, comparing each aspect to differentiate the best fuel blend. A reference experiment with 100% diesel (D100) had been done to have a clear view of the working diesel engine emissions. These blends were used for testing in a four stroke, vertical single-cylinder, air-cooled diesel engine at a constant speed of 1500 rpm as with varying engine load of 2, 4, and 6 Nm. Exhaust emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) are taken into account. The results show that the increase biodiesel blend in fuels does increase the NOx and CO₂ emission with steady increase of load. This is because these emissions relate to the complete combustion, high post-combustion and high oxygen content increase the amount of emission. Besides, the results prove that the higher percentage of biodiesel in the blends provides lower emission of CO and HC. Lower CO and HC emission due to better combustion efficiency as it reaches better overall combustion, producing higher energy output and better emissions. Thus, the findings provide helpful information for researchers to understand the technology of biodiesel and a possible substitute for the current diesel for a better fuel source.