Community Movement for Sustainable Use of Natural Resources: Case study of North Kendeng Mountain Area, Central Java, Indonesia

North Kendeng Mountain has abundant limestone potentially utilized for materials of cement, cosmetics, paint, and other commercial products. This area is also a storage for water resources widely used for household and irrigation for local people. The conflict between government and investors on one side preferring this area for utilization for commercial uses and local people supported by influential people and academician choosing it for conservation. Local people pioneered by Sedulur Sikep (Adat or Traditional Community) form a Community Network for Caring North Kendeng Mountain (JMPPK) mobilizing people through cultural events, rally, demonstration, dialog, discussion, and lobby. Sedulur Sikep believes that they must treat the Earth as a mother providing everything for the human being. Human nature must adequately address the Earth. This paper observes the development of conflict over water resources, the way JMPPK defends their right over natural resources. The type of research is descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques include an informal interview, observation, and a literature review. The data is analyzed qualitatively. So far, the interest and aspiration of local people, both expressed through Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) studies and their own opinion aired the government, has not incorporated a variety of events at the revision of spatial planning. They are persistent and continue struggling along with their counterparts. It is required a dialog among relevant stakeholders regarding the area for utilization and conservation to create sustainable management.


Introduction
North Kendeng Mountain area in Central Java stretching from regencies of Grobogan, Pati, Rembang and Blora in Central Java, and Tuban, Bojonegoro and Lamongan in East Java, is rich in limestone potentially utilized for materials of cement, cosmetic, paint and other commercial uses as shown at Figure 1. Since the 1990s, many investors were interested in building a cement factory in this area. From the perspective of local people, North Kendeng Mountain is a storage of water resource has been widely utilized for household and irrigation. This paper observes the way JMPPK mobilize local people, extend the network, collaborate with stakeholders, and urge the relevant government and parliament members to adopt SEA.

Literature review
The social mobilization that usually adopted by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is classified as one of the planning processes [2]. Intertwined with Hudson's theory, social mobilization planning consists of advocacy, anarchy, and Marxist [3]. People-centered mobilization is also called as community development [4]. It is a process in which people eager to get their own defined goals, lifting their quality of living [5]. This mobilization has a positive impact on development programs because it could set the program results on targets [6], and it also plays a significant role in bringing sustainability utopia to the realms [7].
Another community development that starts from the external community often practiced by the private sector with their corporate social responsibility (CSR). It is defined that community development is to mention any effort to intervene in specialized section of society, the underprivileged [8], the marginalized [9], or the low income [5]. Some internal personal aspects could affect the result of community development. It is skills, livelihood, most importantly, educations [5]. It also needs excellent collaboration between relevant stakeholders [7].

Research method
The type of research adopted is descriptive analysis with data collection techniques consisting of literature review, content analysis from mass media, and informal interviews with relevant persons. The data gathered is analyzed qualitatively.

Result and discussion
The conflict sparked when a Cement State-owned Company in 2006 wanted to build its factory at the district of Sukolilo, Pati Regency [10]. Local people pioneered by Sedulur Sikep (traditional community) opposed this plan, worried about environmental degradation leading to exceeded water environmental carrying capacity. Due to the massive opposition, the cement state-owned company canceled its program and moved to the district of Gunem, Rembang Regency, for a similar cement factory. In 2012, a private cement company planned to build its factory in the areas of Kayen and Tambakromo, Pati Regency. Both plans have been opposed by local people supported by academicians, NGOs, and influential people for the same reason.
In defending North Kendeng Mountain as a conservation area, JMPPK mobilizes people and raises their aspirations through demonstration, rally, dialog, lobby, discussion, and cultural events. Their struggle is based on their belief and environmental wisdom that human beings must treat the Earth as a mother providing food and other environmental services. If we degrade the environment, Mother Earth will get angry expressed on environmental disasters such as floods, flash floods, and landslides. This spirit was internalized not only among the Sedulur Sikep community but also to other people living surrounding the North Kendeng Mountain area. They also are supported by academicians throughout Indonesia who also form a forum called Scholars for Rembang and Pati. There are also specific law experts called Amicus Curiae actively support JMPPK on legal aspects of mining, specifically the cement industry.
To attract the attention of the government, seven women, members of JMPPK called themselves as Srikandi from Kendeng, cast their leg with cement in front of State Palace Jakarta. On August 1, as reported by Kompas on August 2, 2016, JMPPK was called to meet President Jokowi, accompanied by Head of President Staff [11]. JMPKK conveyed their concerns, and President Jokowi agreed to conduct Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Studies for North Kendeng Mountain as an ecosystem. SEA was expected to recommend the area for utilization and conservation.
They also conduct a lobby with Governor of Central Java, Representative Council of Central Java, and some Rectors in Central Java. With the Governor of Central Java, they urge to adopt SEA for revision of spatial planning and to obey the Supreme Court to follow up their decision to revoke the environmental permit issued by the previous governor. JMPPK took the case for the environmental permit for the cement company released on June 7, 2012, to court. On October 9, 2016, the Supreme Court instructed the Governor of Central Java to revoke the environmental permit. On January 16, 2017, the governor obeyed the Supreme Court's instruction to cancel the environmental permission. However, he provided the cement company with the opportunity to improve their EIA through Addendum EIA. Addendum was given that the mining area had been narrowed from 571 hectares to be 291 hectares. The Central Java EIA Commission then approved Addendum EIA, and the governor issued a new environmental permit on February 23, 2017 [1].
Central Java Representative Council selects a committee of spatial planning explicitly. The urge of that selection is to adopt SEA for the revision of spatial planning. The national, provincial, and local spatial planning allocate the North Kendeng Mountain area slowly for mining. It is found that regional and local development planning does not address the environmental degradation and deficit of water resources need to recover and to restore. JMPPK also celebrates special days such as environmental and Earth day, Indonesia's anniversary, Kartini's day as a forum to disseminate information, to create awareness of people and to appeal to the government to allocate North Kendeng Mountain as a conservation area.

Conclusions
Local people pioneered by Sedulur Sikep have been struggling to defend North Kendeng Mountains as a conservation area to sustain their livelihood. Based on their environmental wisdom through a variety of forums, their raise aspirations, interest, and opinion. Their movement is supported by academicians, influential people, and media journalists.
Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA) studies instructed by President Jokowi recommends the revision of spatial planning for balancing the area for utilization and conservation, and to restores the degraded areas caused by mining activities. However, the voices of local people and the result of SEA studies have not been incorporated by the government. It is required to conduct a dialog between SEA's maker and local people and the decision-maker (governor, a select committee of spatial