Abstract
The paper presents the assessment of the impact of disposal sites on biota through definition of phytotoxic influence of polluted soil and landfill leachate on seedlings, growth and root system of plants Triticum aestivum. It is found that soil collected around a disposal site of municipal solid waste, the seedlings of plants are 16% lower in comparison with standard (clean soil), the length of a land part is 22% lower, the average length of roots is 44% less. The green weight of top and the weight of a root system of plants in the soil from a disposal site is 52% and 43% less respectively. This influence is characterized as above the average toxicity level. It is defined that with the introduction of Sviteco-PBG prebiotic (10% dilution) to the polluted soil the seedlings of plants are 5.2% better in comparison with the polluted soil without the prebiotic, the length of a land part – by 11.6%, the average length of roots – by 40.2% respectively; the green weight of top and the weight of a root system of plants is 14% and 16.5% higher in comparison with the polluted soil without the prebiotic. Thus, the use of prebiotics allows improving the quality of soil and reducing its phytotoxicity. In particular, if the influence on a root system of the polluted soil is characterized as toxic above the average, then after the application of prebiotics – as the average toxicity by root weight and absent (weak) toxicity by root length. It is found that when Sviteco-PBG (10% dilution) and Ca(OH)2 are added to sewage waters of a MSW dump at pH 10, their maximum purification from heavy metals is reached, the phytotoxic effect is estimated as weak toxicity. The phytotoxic effect of the polluted filtrate without purification – above the average toxicity. Thus, prebiotics allow improving the efficiency of soil cleanup from heavy metals, giving an opportunity in the long term to return contaminated land to their economic circulation. Ca(OH)2 and Sviteco-PBG (10% dilution) at pH 10 allows improving the quality of technogenically polluted soil, reducing toxic impact on biota and increasing the efficiency of sewage treatment in waste disposal sites.
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