Providing simple healthy latrine based on community empowerment in Gebang Putih Village and Kejawan Putih Tambak Village

There are still more than 100 urban villages that have not been free of defecation or it can be called Open Defecation Free (ODF) condition in Surabaya. Surabaya has target, all urban villages in Surabaya have reached ODF condition in 2017. Efforts made to achieve ODF conditions are triggered. The triggers carried out during this time will take a long time, due to the lack of awareness of the people and the lack of funds for the construction of latrines. So that needed modification triggers to accelerate the fulfillment of ODF targets. In this research will be done modification triggers method by adding the concept of financing in the form of stimulant funds. The stimulus funds are used to purchase materials where after discussion with the community and adjusted to the existing funds. The steps undertaken in this research are field observation, discussions with sanitarian, doing triggers, as well as determining alternative methods of achieving ODF targets that is by discussing with the community about the financing agreement and the latrine development mechanism.


Introduction
Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia, but still has unresolved sanitation problem that is Open Defecation (OD) behavior. From the 164 urban villages, only about 50 urban villages are Open Defecation Free (ODF). Based on the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the method to solve sanitation problems is based on Community-Based Total Sanitation. The Community-Based Total Sanitation is an approach to changing hygiene and sanitation behavior through community empowerment. The one of Method to resolve defecate indiscriminately behavior is with trigger [1]. The trigger based on Community-Based Total Sanitation takes a long time, due to poor community awareness and lack of funds for the construction of latrines. Therefore the trigger need modification to accelerate the fulfillment of ODF targets. The trigger modification with adding the concept of financing in the form of stimulant funds. The stimulant funds for the purchase of materials. The amount of stimulant funds is based on the discussion results with the community and 2 1234567890 ''""  [2]. Other trigger modification activities have also been conducted in Kelurahan Gadon, for 2 years the concept of trigger modification is already about 80% houses has ODF [3]. The application of the modification trigger method also sees the similarities of the characteristics of the community, which are mostly fishermen's livelihoods as well as the topography of the land, which is also a coastal land with dense population and limited land [4]. Based on the success of triggering, this study applied the same triggers in Kelurahan Gebang Putih, and Kelurahan Kejawan Putih Tambak, where the location is close to the campus of ITS is also a lot of defecate indiscriminately behavior. The purpose of this research is to implement modification of triggers and to develop simple healthy latrines. the outcome of this research is expected to help the government to accelerate ODF target in Kelurahan Gebang Putih and Kelurahan Kejawan Putih Tambak in accordance with the target of Dinas Kesehatan Surabaya in 2017, is Open Defecation Free (ODF).

Method
The stages in this study consist of two stages: (1) Preparation stage is done by data collection and data analysis; (2) Stages of Implementation of Development of latrine is done by trigger, Implementation of latrine development and Monitoring and Evaluation.

Preparation
• Discussions with the community health clinic and Village Urban Office for the preparation of triggers. • Survey with sanitarian of community health clinic Klampis Ngasem and Mulyorejo.
• Planing the locations and the triggers in Gebang Putih and Kejawan Putih Tambak.

Stages of Latrine Construction 1. Trigger
• Preparing the team facilitators consists of key triggers, atmosphere controllers, and evaluators.
• Gathering residents who will be attended in triggering.
• Preparing the technical, materials and tools to be used for triggers • The determination of alternative methods of achieving ODF targets is by discussing with the village officials and the community leaders about the financing agreement and the latrine development mechanism.

The Construction of latrines
The construction of latrines is done by workman and self-help from the local community.

Monitoring and Evaluation
The evaluation and monitoring phase will be to determine the number of latrines that have been built and the residents do not return to OD behavior. Evaluation and monitoring will be conducted by the sanitarian and community leaders through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with ITS. If all households have ODF, the ODF declaration will be done by inviting interested officials.

Result
The result of survey shows that people who do not have latrines in Gebang Putih have 34 houses. Spread in 14 houses in second Citizens Group and 20 houses in fourth Citizens Group. Among the homes that do not have these latrines are five houses located above the river, so it can not be built latrines. In addition there are 15 homes on illegal land, so it can obstruct the construction of latrines due to permits. Existing conditions in the two villages can be seen in Figure 1 did not get permission from the kelurahan to build latrines, so only seven houses could be built latrines.

Figure 1. The condition of the House that has Not Own latrines in Kelurahan Gebang Putih
After knowing the condition of existing residents in two sub-districts then conducted trigger between researchers and sanitarian to fields. The result of triggering the agreement of the citizens that each house is given a fee of Rp 700,000, -with payment system in installments three times. Payments are given to sanitarians to be more coordinated. With this self-help system the community will be actively involved in the construction of latrines, so there is a sense of belonging to the community.

Conclusion and Recommendation
The method of triggering with modification is with an additional model of financing mechanism that functioned as a fund stimulant successfully. There are six families in Kelurahan Kejawan Putih Tambak and seven families in Kelurahan Gebang Putih want to build healthy latrine . The result of triggering the agreement of the citizens that each house is given a fee of Rp 700,000, -with payment system in installments in three times. This method is expected to be duplicated in other places for the realization of ODF in Indonesia, especially Surabaya City.