Game theory and its application in food security: research of the greenhouse facilities of the republic of Uzbekistan

Game theory has recently increased significantly in its role in various fields of science and areas of the country's life. It is applicable today in the economy of any country for the adoption of general economic tasks, the study of strategic problems, systems for stimulating the development of industries, the development of organizational structures. The application of game theory is considered an important aspect in the implementation of the tasks set at the state level. The Republic of Uzbekistan is considered one of the countries that have recently been trying to reach a significant stage of development, which has a fruitful effect on agriculture and greenhouse economy, their general improvement. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of using game theory in the field of greenhouse facilities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This goal will be achieved through the analysis of the main modern scientific works, the study of analytical data and statistical indicators of the industry. The greenhouse economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan today is at a stage when significant changes are needed, the use of the most modern technologies both in the field of economic services for the industry, and fruitful interaction of individual parties. One of the most priority technologies for the development of individual areas of the greenhouse industry today is the so-called "game theory". Game theory is a prerequisite for the formation of separate and relevant directions for the development of the country's greenhouse economy, it establishes the rules for implementing the interaction of the parties-players in the process of creating strategies, functions of specific structures.


Introduction
In the form of examples of the use of the game theory toolkit today in the field of strategic government decisions in the greenhouse industry, we can name the following decisions: -entry into new sales markets for various products of the greenhouse industry [6, p. 352-355]; -implementation of a principled pricing policy within the country, as well as abroad; -the formation of joint ventures, their cooperation within the greenhouse economy. In general, the provisions of game theory should be applied to isolated types of decisions, when other actors in the form of players can influence their adoption. These players can be competitors of the IOP Publishing doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1043/1/012022 2 greenhouse industry in the person of processing enterprises, leading customers, government agencies, etc.

Materials and methods
The main materials are data on the greenhouse industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan, a strategy for the development of the industry and increasing its performance. Research methods are: analysis of scientific articles, research of analytical data.

Literature review
Game theory can help in building effective strategies in management [20, p. 239-241], applied marketing, management accounting, making it possible to choose the best options, taking into account the ideas about many other participants, their resource capabilities, as well as its potential, in addition to probable actions, taking into account the existing risks [2, p. 57-60].
A strategy is a set of rules that characterize the choice of his action in any personal process in connection with the formed situation. As a rule, in the course of the game, for any personal move, the participant in the game makes a choice in connection with a certain situation [3, p. 155-158].
It is game theory that is presented in the form of a section in which possible models for making appropriate decisions in conflict situations are studied [4, p. 587-590]. Game theory, assesses the relationship between agricultural actors in Uzbekistan, who adhere to mismatched motives.
Formation of an effective concept of economic relations in the field of agriculture, which is partly based on market mechanisms aimed at ensuring food security of the state, pricing in agriculture, as well as the liberalization of resource allocation, and the introduction of effective land use mechanisms.
At the moment when new technologies begin to come to the greenhouse industry of Uzbekistan [21, p. 489-494] the whole world is "in full swing" moving from open field farming "under the roof".
Despite the fact that there are countries with the most favorable climates for agriculture, the area of protected ground is ten times larger than in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
A single global trend in the formation of the greenhouse industry is a dynamic growth in production volumes [13, p. 151-152]. This became possible due to the fact that all countries began to switch to active technologies and methods of growing plants in greenhouses, the use of the latest designs, materials, as well as energy-saving technologies [14, p. [21][22][23].
In addition, in the context of global urbanization, an increase in urban conglomerates, there is a growing shortage of land suitable for agriculture [23, p. 646-655] in such circumstances, a decrease in the production of fruits and vegetables in the open field is compensated for by an increase in the indicator for growing in greenhouses. The direction of the country's transition to a balanced and healthy diet leads to an increase in the use of environmentally friendly greenhouse products [5, p. 38-43].
To improve the management system and introduce effective elements of state support in the agricultural sector and the greenhouse industry, as well as to significantly expand the production of high-quality [18, p.  -taking all necessary measures to increase the areas of intensive gardens and greenhouses using modern resource-saving technologies, as well as rain and drip irrigation, in addition to a significant expansion of the entire range of fruit products, taking into account the analysis of market conditions; -organization, taking into account the soil and climatic conditions of the regions, of the wide use of scientific achievements, modern scientific developments, as well as active agricultural technologies in horticulture and greenhouse farming; -assistance to a horticultural company and greenhouses in the implementation, together with the Uzstandart Agency, of international certification standards [24, p. 444-457]; -implementation of measures for the formation of a system and organization of a cluster form, which contains the entire chain from production, then procurement, sorting, calibration, packaging and ending with the sale of fruit products; -indication of assistance in attracting investments, this also applies to direct ones from abroad, for the production of competitive products, the organization of their sales, increasing the export potential by carrying out in-depth marketing research of market conditions; -development of appropriate recommendations for the placement and cultivation of more popular varieties of fruit products in foreign markets; -joint work with Russian and foreign educational institutions, research institutes, specialized foreign companies and manufacturers on the problems of training, professional development of specialists, development and implementation of innovations in the field of horticulture and greenhouse economy; -maintaining, together with the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Geodesy, Land Resources, Cartography and the State Cadastre, an electronic register of areas of greenhouses and gardens [19, p. 65-68].
The main directions of development of the greenhouse economy in the Republic of Uzbekistan according to the theory of games (consideration of positive results not only for the field of greenhouse economy, but also for consumers): -the formation of modern greenhouse complexes using alternative energy sources, energy saving and energy efficient technologies; -location of greenhouse complexes, taking into account the characteristics of the region (place), its location, soil and climatic conditions, the level of provision of territories with energy resources, logistics and adjacent infrastructure, all types of crops grown and many other factors that affect the efficiency of the greenhouse economy; -the introduction of a cluster form for the production of fruit and vegetable products, this concerns the conditions of public-private cooperation, which includes the entire chain, starting from production, then procurement, sorting, grading, packaging and further directions for export of fruit and vegetable products; -the implementation of projects in the field of the agro-industrial complex and food security in 2020 is planned to attract about $ 200 million through the credit lines of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, as well as other international financial institutions and foreign state financial companies [1, p. 126-128].

Results
Today, state bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan are actively using the game theory toolkit in order to find "dependencies" in the direction of making [16, p.  The 1st and 2nd quadrants define a situation in which the reaction of competitive greenhouse companies cannot have a significant impact on the payments of a stand-alone firm [22, p. 864-874].
This happens when competitors have no motivation (1st quadrant), or the ability (2nd quadrant) to strike back. Thus, the importance of the implementation of a detailed analysis of the strategy of motivated actions of competitors is lacking [17, p. 147-150].
The investigated conclusion is also formed relative to the 3rd quadrant. In this case, the reaction of competitors can pretty much affect the company, but its forces cannot significantly affect the payments of the competing company, the reaction should not be feared.
Only the situation that is reflected in the 4th quadrant can require the application of game theory [7, p. 251-256]. But here only the most necessary, insufficient conditions are reflected that justify the use of game theory tools for making decisions regarding the situation of struggle with competitors [8, p. 211-213].
Situations often arise in which one state strategy dominates others, regardless of what kind of actions the competitor will take [9, p. 486-495]. The greenhouse economy is reflected in one of the important sectors of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The state of this industry is influenced by many factors, it is important to take them into account when manufacturing products.
The volume and quality of production of greenhouse products depends, in particular, on the basic conditions of growth. At the same time, with the expansion and development of the industry, it is important to identify the most profitable crops for sowing using conditions. Consider the solution to this problem using game theory [10, p. 92-96]. In this case, the mathematical model of the given theory [11, p. 237-239].
To get the maximum benefit, it is important to choose one of the presented options for growing greenhouse crops: А 1 -Salads and greens In the table, we write down the possible options and conditions for making a profit when taking into account the costs of increasing the level of collection of products, we will perform an analysis based on the Laplace criterion. The basis of the criterion is the assumption that any option will be equally probable, because nothing is known about the state of nature and options for the future development of events.  25 It turns out that the best option -31.25 -growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions. In this case, 2 players are observed -conditionally, 1 player -the subject of the greenhouse economy, 2 playersweather conditions (sunny weather). Player 1 will win only if player 2 provides the appropriate conditions, otherwise, player 1 will need to form such conditions at his own expense.
The game is a mathematical model of a conflict situation. The parties to the conflict are called players, and the result of the conflict is called a win. Here the players can be, for example, the state and the subjects of the greenhouse economy.
The stages of the game are the periods during which the players take their turns (in this case, the seasonal growing time for greenhouse crops). Selected moves at each stage at the end determine the win or loss (payments) of each of the players.
They are calculated in money or material values. The player's strategy is defined as a set of rules that reflect the choice of his action depending on the current situation at each personal move.
In order to find a solution to the game, each player must choose the strategy that will satisfy the optimality condition. Namely, one player should have the maximum payoff if the other adheres to his own strategy [12, p. 80].
In addition, the second player should have a minimal loss when the first player sticks to his strategy. These strategies are called optimal. Optimal strategies must be sustainable. This means that it should be unprofitable for each player to abandon their own strategy in this game. Game theory aims to determine the optimal strategy that will satisfy all players [25, p. 1-7; 26, p. 1-7].
Many sciences (including economics) received their development precisely thanks to mathematical methods. Game theory is constantly evolving and modifying, thereby remaining relevant both in economics and in other sciences. The application of this theory can have a positive impact on the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan [15, p. 280-281].

Discussion
Thus, it can be noted that game theory has an essential role in the assumption, for example, about which greenhouse crops should be grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan. For the country's economy, this theory is of great importance, because it can increase the potential of the entire greenhouse industry, in general, increase its efficiency. In the problem we have considered, it is clear that each solution has various obstacles and opportunities for the development of events. Players must provide appropriate conditions to achieve the stated goal of the game.

Conclusion
We examined the main aspects of the application of game theory in the greenhouse economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, identified the basic dynamic characteristics of the country's greenhouse economy. It was found that the best solution would be growing in the field of greenhouse farming of the Republic of Uzbekistan, mainly tomatoes.
Also, as in the problem considered, as the two players -may be a state and subjects of hothouse. With the help of this theory, the country can maintain its food security, which consists in the appropriate provision of citizens with greenhouse crops, reimbursement of the costs of planting certain types of crops.