Electrochemical performance of natural graphite coated by amorphous carbon using two step synthesis processes at various temperatures for anode material in Li-ion battery

Electrochemical performance of natural graphite as anode material in the Li-ion battery has been modified by coating this particle with amorphous carbon through two step synthesis process. Citric acid as the amorphous carbon source was mixed with natural graphite (NG) in the ethanol solvent at 80 °C using magnetic stirrer. In the first step, the mixture of NG and CA were dried at 350 °C for 5 hours under argon atmosphere to evaporate the solvent. This dried mixture was then sintered at different temperature i.e. 500 °C (labeled CNG500), 600 °C (CNG600) and 700 °C (CNG700) under argon atmosphere to form amorphous carbon layer on the surface of NG. The crystal structure and morphology of the particles were characterized by using XRD, SEM and TEM. Electrochemical performance and charge-discharge of amorphous carbon-coated graphite has been evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and WBCS 3000, respectively. Cyclic voltammogram showed the working potential and redox reaction peak of the sample. Charge-discharge data was obtained to determine the specific capacity of the sample at 0.1C.