Improving the Ability to Develop Scientific Articles among Physics Teachers

There have been training scientific articles online for physics teachers. The purpose of this activity is to (1) improve Physics teachers in the ability to create scientific articles and (2) increase the number of scientific articles written by Physics teachers. Seventy-five physics teachers in Mojokerto attended the training. They implemented online by forming a synchronous meeting zoom class and continued with asynchronous assistance using WhatsApp group facilities. The success of this training workshop is evaluated using an assessment of the resulting article and a questionnaire of the trainee’s response to the implementation of training activities. Scientific articles that have been obtained are included in the review process and have been revised to meet the criteria to be published in scientific journals. The article have been prepared aspects of the assessment of articles compiled by Physics teachers include titles and identities, abstracts, introductions, theoretical foundations, results and discussions, conclusions, and bibliography. The articles compiled have met the criteria well, with an average score of 87. The results of the trainee response questionnaire showed that 67 % strongly agreed and 33 % agreed. It shows that there is still a need to increase the quantity and quality of articles compiled by physics teachers.


Introduction
The learning from home policy began to be implemented on March 9, 2020, after the minister of education and culture issued circular number 2 of 2020 and number 3 of 2020 on online learning and working from home to prevent Corona Virus Disease . When the COVID-19 outbreak appeared, all human activities were restricted, including learning activities both at the elementary school level to the lecture level began to implement learning activities from home [1]. This is done to limit the spread of massive viruses [1].
Related to the position of teachers and lecturers, the Government has also implemented the Minister of Utilization of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reform No. 16 of 2009 concerning the Functional Position of Teachers and Their Credit Numbers. This regulation contains a change that the promotion and the class of teachers into higher class must make scientific papers or scientific articles [2,3]. This requires that all teachers, including high school teachers, must be able to compile a paper or scientific article [2,3]. Writing scientific work expresses ideas and conveys information effectively by using language so that others know and understand the information in descriptions, expositions, arguments, or persuasions [4]. Scientific articles are scientific studies in the form of ideas or thoughts based on empirical evidence or theoretical studies that can be proven true [5]. Related to scientific articles, many senior high school teachers who have not filled out articles in various media publications of articles or not many who make scientific journals [6] The low ability to write senior high school teachers is also seen from the rareness of senior high school teachers who participate in seminar activities by becoming a companion in national or regional seminars [7,10]. The results of the observation of the community service team in the field at the time of community service in 2019 obtained information that most (almost all) senior high school teachers in Mojokerto Regency had conducted Class Action Research (PTK) and made their reports. However, from senior high school teachers who had carried out the PTK, there were still few who published their research into scientific seminars or scientific journals. The observations also show that teachers still have difficulty conducting literature reviews to complete article creation and compile literature-based articles review. A literature-based review article is an article to analyze topics using secondary data in the form of journals or other references to produce descriptive data about the results of an analysis that has been done [8]. It led to many senior high school teachers who stopped their promotions due to bumps on the requirements of proof of writing scientific papers [7]. On this basis, the Community Service team of the Department of Physics UNESA, together with partners, namely MGMP Physics Mojokerto Regency, agreed to hold an Online Literature Review Based Article Making Training activity for MGMP Physics High School in Mojokerto Regency. The main purpose of this effort is to increase high school Physics teachers' ability to make literature review-based scientific articles in the Covid 19 pandemic and increase the number of scientific articles based on literature reviews or based on research which written by Physics teachers.

Method
Research-based "Training of Writing Scientific Article based literature review ore based on research" to improve the skills of teachers in writing scientific articles was conducted in October -November 2020 online using the Zoom Meeting platform with links https://zoom.us/j/96792119046?pwd=aHlITG1SY0NUWTF3ckk1eXJ2OFRJdz09 and WA group. The subjects used in this study were 75 trainees who were teachers of MGMP Physics members from high school and vocational school, the junior high school both public and private located in the District and Mojokerto City.
The components of the article writing skills are developed through three stages of training. They are the delivery of suitable writing materials, the implementation of scientific articles examples (or modelling) based on literature review or research, and the implementation of theories obtained into workshops to create literature-based or review-based scientific articles conducted in groups where group members come from several different schools within a month with technical coordination of online mentoring through WhatsApp. The instruments used in this study are article assessment instruments and the questionnaire response of trainees to implement training activities. The data was analyze by providing a maximum score of three an aspect. The assessment according to Tanjung and Ardial, includes title and identity, abstract, preliminary, theoretical foundation, results and discussion, conclusions, and bibliography [9]. The article assessment instrument concludes the feasibility of scientific articles and analysis of response questionnaires with categories strongly agree (SS), agree (S), disagree (TS), and strongly disagree (STS) on each indicator assessed to conclude the response to the conductibility of training.

Training activities
The performance of scientific article writing materials aims to understand trainees' benefits and technicalities of writing scientific papers. In this training, the materials presented include (1) continuous professional development, (2) [11]. In general, the presentation of material and discussion activities went very well. Participants and keynote speakers showed a positive response with the number of questions that emerged from participants regarding the training material. This also showed that there were still many things that still needed to be known regarding the technical preparation of scientific writing articles to be published in online scientific journals. The process of conducting the training can be seen in Figure  1.

Figure 1. Screenshot of training activities
The implementation of training activities in Figure 1 indicates that the initial knowledge of participants related to the technical preparation of scientific papers to be published in online scientific journals is relatively lacking. However, after being given training, the understanding level of trainees showed promising results. This statement is reinforced by the results of the questionnaire on 30 participants shown in Table 1.
Based on the exposure of the results of the questionnaire in Table 4, the two appear that the average percentages of positive responses (Strongly Agree and Agree) is 64.75 % and 37.25 %, respectively. No one gives a negative response (Disagree and Strongly Disagree). This shows that all participants rate positively on the implementation of training activity. High assessments were given to participants for the response that the training supported the profession's development (86 %) and that facilitators mastered the training well (86 %). The benefits of training for participants (81 %) were relevant to the needs of teachers in schools (81 %). Slightly low assessments on delivery methods that were less attractive were done online (48 %), and participants provided less effective training responses because they could not be provided offline mentoring.  Table 2 shows the implementation of the training activities in the form of writing literature review articles, scientific articles that have obtained input in the review process and have been revised so that they meet the criteria to be published in online scientific journals that have been prepared based on components assessed on scientific article assessment instruments.

Results of Articles
Based on Table 2, participants' ability to compile scientific articles is excellent by getting an average of 87. The input and advice given, among others, are that the abstract's content includes a brief background, goals, methods, results, and conclusions in abstract writing. The background writing of the problem lists the references used.

5
There is rationalization and urgency of the problem/purpose studied supported by relevant references 18 The writing of symbols, formulas, notations, and terms is used appropriately 5 5 19 Articles are written in Indonesian/English that is good, correct, and following scientific rules 5 5 Number of Scores 100 87 Figure 2 illustrates the sample of scientific article produced through the training process. Accordingly, the paper aims to determine the effectiveness of simple KIT-based media in improving students learning achievement in dynamic electricity material as an example of the training results.  Figure 2. Sample of scientific article as a product of the physics training Figure 3 illustrates the sample of scientific article produces through the training process. Accordingly, the paper aims to determine the effectiveness of simple KIT-based media in improving student learning achievement in dynamic electricity material as an example of the training results. The purpose of this study was to describe the effectiveness of using Quipper School in distance learning for the Kinetic Theory of Gas. So it can be concluded that the use of Quipper School is very useful in improving the ability to understand the concepts of Physics in the Kinetic Theory of Gases