Application of information and communication technologies in state management to digital education of higher education in Vietnam

By 2020, Vietnam has 580 universities and colleges (including 266 universities and 314 colleges), meeting the training of 3.91 million students with the scale of 450 students per 10,000 people. Higher education is set in a new context with new technologies, changing the production base, generating more new occupations. Because university is a place that directly trains human resources for the labour market. The development of science and technology, information technology, not only creates conditions for universities to change the training model, apply technical technology to teaching to improve quality. However, the renovation and digital education are indispensable factors, directly affecting the existence and development of that educational institution. Of course, the state, the management units must have a policy mechanism, promote the digital education of higher education.


Introduction
Industry 4.0 with rapid development speed and profound impacts on the development of each nation, if left behind this revolution, the development lag is also indispensable. On the contrary, if you make good use of the advantages that this revolution brings, the chances are great. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has a human foundation, in which high quality human resources are the core of development [1][2][3]. According to The World Economic Forum (WEF) 2018 Production Readiness Report, published in April 2018, Vietnam is in the group of countries not ready for industry 4.0, ranked 70th /100 about human resources. Compared with other countries in Southeast Asia in terms of human resources index, Vietnam ranks behind Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines and only ranks close to Cambodia. Therefore, this is the development direction that Vietnam needs to prepare for future changes. The creative university model must develop due to the need for renovating higher education to meet the human resources for the knowledge economy, expanding new training methods. Industry4.0 will create a dramatic change in the distribution of production resources, production methods and consumption thanks to the strong development of science and technology. Industry-specific "automated" manufacturing industries will soon switch to "smart" manufacturing, in which machines are connected to the internet and linked together through a system that can operate entirely on its own production process according to an established plan. The new wave of technology with smart manufacturing will help technology develop and lead to increased productivity. However, to be able to apply "intelligent production" to practice, it is indispensable for high quality human resources. Therefore, a country wants to develop rapidly and sustainably, it must develop strategies to implement, especially education and training. The mission for Vietnam's education industry is to have specific orientations to adapt to the new era, to train good human resources, to meet the requirements of modern labour market.
The impact of industry 4.0 on Vietnam's higher education is enormous, both creating opportunities and posing challenges.
Firstly, industry 4.0 places great demands on training for universities. First, industry 4.0 requires high quality human resources, meeting the requirements of knowledge, skills and quality, which are constantly changing in the new working environment. This is an urgent requirement for education, especially higher education. Especially compared to other ASEAN countries, the quality of Vietnamese labour has increased rapidly but it is still very low (table 1). 3 Therefore, the education sector must move quickly from heavy education on knowledge to an education that helps develop capacity, promote innovation and creativity for learners. Thus, at the university, there will be new learning models and the development of science and technology, gradually replacing the traditional teaching and learning methods.
In every field of industry, breakthrough steps in new technologies such as artificial intelligence, robots, internet, independent media, 3D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and science materials, energy storage and quantum computing will have a stronger impact on social life. The higher education system will be strongly and comprehensively impacted, the list of training occupations will have to be adjusted and updated continuously because the boundary between fields is very fragile. Accordingly, it will be the link between the fields of physiology -biology; mechatronics, birth, from which a series of old disciplines and disciplines, will be lost and instead will be opportunities for the development of new disciplines and disciplines, especially related to the interaction between man and machine. Some industries that meet Industry 4.0 still lack a lot of manpower. For example, the information technology industry still lacks about 400,000 people.
According to 2019 University enrolment statistics in Vietnam, the hottest sectors include IT (data analysis, software engineering, network security), IT in financial business activities. and many other fields; automation technology (mechatronics, electronics, automatic control, car and material manufacturing); construction engineering and production of high-class construction materials, energy, 3D printing technology; sectors in biotechnology, processing technology, biomedical engineering (digital integration -physics -biology); management industry, financial management servicesinvestment, logistics and supply chain management, tourism, services and nutrition; arts, social, humanities and creative industries (architecture, design, translation).
Secondly, industry 4.0 changes all activities in universities. To meet the human resources for a creative economy, it is necessary to change training activities, from curriculum innovation, teaching methods, student management, testing methods, and evaluation of output standards. , with the strong application of information technology. Accordingly, the old teaching methods are no longer suitable with the needs of society. With the application of technological achievements, students anywhere can access the school's library to self-study and self-study. Thus, it is impossible not only to exist a traditional library model, but also to build electronic libraries. How to evaluate the effectiveness of the investment in building an electronic library [9][10].
Growth coefficient of the number of students and lecturers accessing the web library: Where: dadegree of document rotation per day after investment; dbdegree of document rotation per day before investment.
Schools must change teaching models, such as online training without classes, without classroom teachers, learners will be instructed to learn via the internet. Virtual classes, virtual teachers, simulated virtual devices, digitized lectures and shared via platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, ... will become a growing trend in modern training activities learn in the future. At that time, knowledge cannot be confined and monopolized by a person or within an organization. Students have many opportunities to approach, accumulate, refine the new, the good to become a global citizen -future workers have the ability to work in an innovative and competitive environment.
In the world, according to the 2018 Cyber Universities statistics, in the US, more than 80% of universities use online training methods, while in Singapore, this number reaches nearly 90%. According to a 2017 Global Market Insights study, the global online education market is set to surpass $ 300 billion in 2025. Market size is estimated to be over $ 190 billion in 2018 and is projected. It is expected to grow at a compound rate of about 7% per year between 2019 and 2025. The reward for students is no longer a degree on paper, but a degree in the sense of expansion, is the exchange of knowledge, creativity and contribution to society. At that time, the recruiting organization or enterprise needs people who can do the job but not need a person with a high degree.
As such, universities will have to transform strongly into a "what the market needs" training model, the content of the basic subjects will have to be shortened and replaced with those that are necessary to meet the needs of the labor market and help learners realize the motto "lifelong learning". Under this new model, the connection between training institutions with organizations and enterprises is an indispensable requirement to complement each other, speeding up the formation of training facilities in enterprises to divide resources collectively, making the resources used with the highest efficiency. This will affect the arrangement of university administrators, service staff and faculty. Meanwhile, all learners' data from codes, scores, personal information ... are digitized at a storage location. In many cases, teachers only need to bring documents to the cloud, everyone argues on the cloud while ensuring privacy, efficiency and consistency. Facing this fact, if the schools do not change the training model, they will be outdated and there will be no learners. Businesses in particular and the market in general demand how, the more learners will look to find places that meet that demand. This is really a challenge because most schools nowadays just stop at the level of teachers teaching by projector, video, sharing documents online. The tight budget is also one of the main points that make scientific and technological applications less developed in universities. In industry 4.0 environment, each student with different learning needs and abilities will have a unique learning schedule that is suitable for each person. Training software will replace part or all of the curriculum knowledge in the classroom. Instead of focusing on providing learners with knowledge, skills, new teaching models mainly guide students how to self-study, how to think and handle situations in life, thereby building competencies approach and problem solving.
For faculty members, the school's technology-assisted school management system will provide a data system to help them track the progress and progress of each classroom, promptly solve emerging issues born in the learning process of students. Therefore, lecturers need to make efforts to study and research so that they can leverage and master technology, so that these tools support and create freedom and creativity in training.
Facing the increasing demands of the labor market, in order to fit into the new production environment, the training activities of universities must be linked with organizations and enterprises to shorten the gap between training, research and deployment. Promote the development of in-company training, development of enterprise schools to train human resources in accordance with the technology and organization of the enterprise. Enhancing the cohesion between the university and the enterprise based on corporate social responsibility, towards the enterprise is really the "extended arm" in the training activities of the university for effective use equipment and technology results of the enterprise to serve the training, thereby forming career capacity for learners in the process of training and internship in the enterprise.

Solutions to building a digital education management system
Firstly, raise awareness and innovate thinking about the development of higher education in the overall development strategy of the country.
To take advantage of opportunities and overcome challenges from industry 4.0, universities need to raise awareness about the importance of industry 4.0; about changes in the job market; on the university's mission to prepare higher-level human resources and to participate in labor market restructuring.
The overall higher education development strategy should determine the key role in providing higher-level human resources and directly contribute to the country's socio-economic development; training a workforce with professional qualifications, soft skills, creative thinking, and being able to adapt to the constant change of the global labor market. With a long-term vision, the higher education system must be actively innovative and creative; comprehensive integration with the world higher education system.
It is necessary to improve the capacity of state management and university administration, planning the network of higher education institutions; secure financial sustainability and enhance transparency. Creating consensus among all levels, ministries, training institutions and stakeholders in higher education. Focus on reviewing and amending regulations on responsibilities of school council in university administration; guide and strengthen supervision of accountability of higher education institutions; have mechanisms and policies to create favorable conditions and environment, creating a legal framework for the relationship between higher education institutions and enterprises.
Secondly, innovating models, programs and training methods.
Training objectives need to change in the direction of promoting creativity and personal capacity development. Startup-oriented training can be implemented in the "5 in 1" model, in which, the output standard with many new skills of citizens 4.0 and 5 components includes: There are many new training programs available. high interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary and many training programs associated with 4.0 technology; structure of the new training program; new training technology; new start-up projects and a new startup education ecosystem connect all stakeholders: instructors, learners, lecture halls, laboratories and users.
Instead of teaching a common curriculum, different programs should be developed to help personalize the training; It is important to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each learner in order to devise an appropriate private training program. Promote research and development of new disciplines (for example, artificial intelligence, data analysis, intelligent ICT convergence), the curriculum system There is a need to change teaching and learning methods in a new way so that learners can both acquire knowledge and apply creativity in practice. Combining traditional methods (presentation, conversation, practice ...) with new methods (problem solving, case study, action-oriented teaching ...). At the same time, applying methods associated with modern technology such as E-learning online teaching, integrated educational methods of science, technology, engineering and math.
Thirdly, accelerate the digital transformation process, anticipate the application of new technologies. Digital transformation must ensure 4 elements, including: empowering lecturers; interact with students; Organization optimization and method innovation. The university's digital transformation process takes place in all three stages, including: planning; formulate strategies independently and implement innovations; monitoring the impact of technology deployment.
Currently, there are many tools for digital conversion such as Skype video conferencing tools, GoToMeeting, Blue jeans; Microsoft Teams conversation and resource sharing application; OneNote application; Stream; Reader Analytics reader analysis application; look up Tflat dictionary; App that supports drawing mindmap (Mindnode, Simplemind); Wolfram Alpha online service; Power BI tools and Blackboard, WebCT, Desire2Learn, ANGEL, Sakai, Moodle ... Universities need to apply new technology, using versatile tools such as computers, projectors , electronic lectures, smart electronic boards, electronic textbooks, especially teaching software (E-learning ...). Accordingly, organizing classes, assigning assignments, limiting time, examining papers, providing documents, receiving feedback, adjusting student activities ... are all operated on the machine.
Building miniature studio models using new technology, virtual classrooms, virtual laboratories, virtual equipment, virtual libraries ... with the support of smart devices. Researching and applying AI technology, especially in synthesizing learning information, useful hints for learners and teachers, enabling learners to access standardized curriculum for each individual, in assessing ability and needs of learners, or use to overcome the shortage of lecturers (such as teaching foreign languages).
Fourthly, innovating the connection model between universities and businesses. A high-level holistic model needs to be established on the basis of establishing a cohesive, multiform template in a coherent, interoperable and supportive system. The university is both training, technology transfer or training, research and deployment. From this overall model, establishing a specific, separate model, such as cohesion in the form of university training while learning and doing; theoretical training at university, skill internships at enterprises; training according to the orders of the enterprise; expand the training lecture hall from university to business ... Mechanisms and policies must take the quality of training as a bridge connecting the market principles, especially the labor market and on a harmonious basis, benefit sharing; establish governance model for linking universities with businesses (evaluating outputs; feedbacks from businesses ...).
Attaching importance to putting university lecturers on field trips to supplement and update knowledge, technology, improve job skills, teaching methods and using part-time lecturers of enterprises, or intellectuals formalize lecturers from business for university use; enhance interaction between lecturers and businesses; design specialized training courses at the request of the ordering business or increase the participation of partner businesses in the development of programs and curricula; investing in training infrastructure to meet the requirements of the business.
Fifthly, improve the quality of teachers and management staff. Accelerate the implementation of the Project on improving the capacity of lecturers and managers of higher education institutions to meet the requirements of comprehensive fundamental innovation in education and training in the period 2019 -2030. Accordingly, conduct surveys, assess the ability to train lecturers of higher education institutions; identifying key areas, branches and specialties that need to be given priority for training; publishing lists and information about good quality universities, enabling students to choose, be active in learning and research; create favorable conditions for domestic higher education institutions to cooperate and train. Ensure the autonomy of higher education institutions in the selection and approval of lecturers qualified for doctoral and master training. Strictly control the stages of acceptance, thesis evaluation, dissertation, recognition, awarding, ensuring output quality. To adopt policies to attract scientists, qualified and qualified lecturers at higher education institutions.
Organize the compilation of programs and documents to foster the university governance capacity for key management officials, including the president of the school council, the principal, the vice principal (and the equivalent) and the staff management of affiliated units of higher education institutions. Organize training courses to improve management capacity for key managers and contingent of managers at the affiliated units of higher education institutions.
Sixthly, strengthen cooperation and international integration in training. Cooperation and international integration create opportunities for students to participate in exchange programs or study abroad and are free to develop personally; allow lecturers to learn how to operate and educate from international universities and help their partners understand higher education in Vietnam; create opportunities for transnational scientific research cooperation; improve the quality towards the approach of regional / international standards in management, training and research, and at the same time create a competitive labor force and reach high-level labor export.
International cooperation activities should be oriented and organized from the top management and planned at a school-wide scale, not just the function of the International Cooperation Department. With high autonomy, faculties in universities need to be proactive in organizing forms of cooperation and international integration according to the strategy proposed by the Rectorate.
In addition to the above solutions, universities need to pay attention to education security, seek information security measures with the help of AI technology and information security experts to control threats.

Conclusion
In 2019-2020, for the first time Vietnamese universities are listed in the CWUR Rankings, which belong to The Center of World University Rankings. The best place in Vietnam is Hanoi National University (ranked 1,510). Thus, Vietnam's higher education still has a huge gap with the world common ground. In addition, the success or failure, making good use of opportunities, opportunities or overcoming risks and challenges to narrow the gap in Vietnam today depends decisively on the way of exploiting human resources. , especially the construction, education, development of high quality human resources, that is higher education.