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Where Are the Massive Close-in Extrasolar Planets?

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Published 2002 March 5 © 2002. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
, , Citation M. Pätzold and H. Rauer 2002 ApJ 568 L117 DOI 10.1086/339794

1538-4357/568/2/L117

Abstract

About 68 extrasolar planets around main-sequence stars of spectral types F, G, and K have been discovered up to now. The minimum masses (Mp sin i) of these planets are ranging from fractions of a Jupiter mass (MJ) to 15 MJ. The semimajor axes of the planetary orbits range from 0.04 out to 4 AU. At large semimajor axes, only massive planets have been discovered because of observational selection effects. For semimajor axes less than 0.1 AU, however, there seems to be an observational lack of very massive planets (>1 MJ). Here we explain the absence of massive planets at these distances by tidal interactions between planets and their central star that lead to a rapid decay of a planetary orbit toward the Roche zone of the star within a short timescale. A higher metallicity of planet-bearing stars and the recent discovery of a 6Li excess of a G0 star might further indicate that planets can indeed get lost in their host stars.

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10.1086/339794