Mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Psylliodes punctifrons Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)

Abstract We sequenced and annotated mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of oilseed rape pest Psylliodes punctifrons Baly for the first time. The mitogenome is 15,611 bp, and the nucleotide composition of 37 genes is highly A + T biased (A: 34.2, C: 11.6, G: 12.1, and T:42.1). All PCGs start with ATN and stop with TAR, except COX3 and ND4 that stop with incomplete codon T—. The phylogenetic tree confirms that P. punctifrons is clustered with other Psylliodes species. This study enriches the mitogenomes of agricultural pests.

The genus of Psylliodes Latreille belongs to the subfamily Galerucinae and includes more than 200 species (He et al. 2019). A lot of species within this genus are known as agricultural pests, which can attach plants of some 30 families (Jolivet and Hawkeswood 1995). Psylliodes punctifrons is widely distributed throughout China and is pest of all cruciferous vegetables (He et al. 2000). In this study, we have sequenced and determined the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of P. punctifrons using next-generation sequencing method (Illumina) for the first time. The sequences obtained in this study may facilitate future studies on identification, population genetics, and biological control of P. punctifrons.
Total genome DNA of P. punctifrons was extracted from male adults that were collected from eggplants, in Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China (106 39 0 59 00 E, 26 30 0 20 00 N), in June 2020. Total genomic DNA was extracted using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen), following the protocol. Paired-end library (450 bp) was sequenced using Illumina Hiseq4000 platform, with 150 bp pair-end sequencing method (Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), after trimming and filtering of the raw sequencing reads, the Q20 bases ratio is 97.00%, generating 24,477,104 high-quality clean reads (7.47 Gb). Remaining samples and genome DNA are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
The phylogenetic relationships of P. punctifrons were reconstructed with IQ-TREE using an ultrafast bootstrap that approximation approach1000 replicates based on first and second codon positions of the 13 PCGs with 7234 sites. Each PCG sequence was aligned using MAFFT v7.0 and Gblocks 9.1 b (Katoh and Standley 2013) and then concatenated individual genes using MEGAX (Kumar et al. 2018). The phylogenetic tree confirms that P. punctifrons is clustered with other Psylliodes species with high support (100) (Figure 1). We hope that our data can be useful for further study.

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in GenBank of NCBI at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, reference number MT890591.