Abstract
Hodat, a woman in her thirties in Garkuno Miani village in Pakistan, struggles to make ends meet because her family can no longer catch enough fish in nearby Manchar Lake. The lake has become severely polluted in recent years, and fish stocks have plummeted. Her sons still go fishing, but the catch is so small that the money they make from selling it isn’t enough to keep the family afloat. “We are very poor and no one supports us. The water in this area is filthy and has no fish in it. We have nothing.” Yet, despite deep frustration with her powerlessness, she is determined to make the most of the skills and resources she does have.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty (New York: Public Affairs, 2011), 141–42.
Claire Melamed, “After 2015: New Challenges for Development—Jobs and Growth,” Overseas Development Institute event report, May 11, 2011, http://www.odi.org.uk/events/details.asp?id=2638&title=after-2015-new-challenges-development-jobs-growth#report.
As Adam Smith explained in The Wealth of Nations, “the division of labour” (in other words, specialization) is always limited “by the extent of the market. When the market is very small, no person can have any encouragement to dedicate himself entirely to one employment.” Where specialization is possible, productivity rises, reducing the cost of goods and services for consumers and eventually creating the scale that can lead to large numbers of stable jobs. Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (New York: The Modern Library, 2000), 19–23. Also, see: http://geolib.com/smith.adam/won1–03.html.
Nassirou Bako Arifari, ‘“We Don’t Eat the Papers’: Corruption in Transport, Customs and the Civil Forces,” in Giorgio Blundo and Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan (eds.), Everyday Corruption and the State (2006), 192.
Deepa Narayan, Lant Pritchett, and Soumya Kapoor, Moving Out of Poverty: Success ffom the Bottom Up (Washington DC: World Bank and Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), 214.
Deepa Narayan, Binayak Sen, and Katy Hull, “Moving Out of Poverty in India: An Overview,” in ed. Narayan, Moving Out of Poverty: The Promise of Empowerment and Democracy in India (Washington DC: World Bank and Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), 46.
World Bank, World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development (Washington DC: World Bank, 2011), 5.
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), “Sub-Saharan Africa Economy: Closing the Infrastructure Gap,” EIU Viewswire, June 28, 2011, http://viewswire.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=VWPrintVW3&article_id=888249073&printer=printer.
World Bank, World Development Report 2013 (Washington: World Bank, 2012), 105.
World Bank, World Development Report 2006 (Washington: World Bank, 2005), 48.
Department for International Development (DFID), The Engine of Development: The Private Sector and Prosperity for Poor People (London: DFID, 2011), 12.
World Bank, “Doing Business: Rwanda in Top 20 Reformers Globally,” September 25, 2008, http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRI-CAEXT/RWANDAEXTN/0„contentMDK:21916643-menuPK:368660-pagePK:2865066-piPK:2865079-theSitePK:368651,00.htmlandhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/Custom-Query/rwanda.
Deborah Brautigam, Thomas Farole, and Tang Xiaoyang, “China’s Investment in African Special Economic Zones: Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities,” Economic Premise 5 (Washington: World Bank, March 2010), http://www.worldbank.org/research/2010/03/11999239/chinas-investment-african-special-economic-zones-prospects-challenges-opportunities.
World Bank, World Development Report 2008 (Washington: World Bank, 2008), 6.
CRS, The Obama Administration’s Feed the Future Initiative, (January 10, 2011), 1.
Wenge Fu, “China’s Feed Industry inTransition: The Case of New Hope Group—An Industry Perspective,” Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 1 no. 2 (2011), 162–78.
China National Statistical Bureau, China Statistical Yearbook 2010 (Beijing: China Statistical Press, 2010), http://www.enotes.com/topic/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_GDR
Shenggen Fan, Bingxin Yu, and Anuja Saurkar, “Public Spending in Developing Countries: Trends, Determination, and Impact,” in Shenggen Fan (ed.), Public Expenditures, Growth, and Poverty: Lessons from Developing Countries (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008).
Samuel Benin, Adam Kennedy, Melissa Lambert, and Linden McBride, “Monitoring African Agricultural Development Processes and Performance: A Comparative Analysis,” Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) Annual Trends and Outlook Report 2010 (Washington DC: ReSAKSS, 2010), 22, http://www.resakss.org/index.php?pdf=50920.
Steven Haggblade and Peter Hazell (ed.), Successes in African Agriculture: Lessons for the Future (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010).
Vivien Meli, “Bayam Sellam: Market Women and Rural Highway Insecurity in Cameroon,” (London: International Forum for Rural Transport and Development, 2007), http://www.ifrtd.org/new/proj/safety/Cameroon.doc.
Charles Corey, “‘Mo’ Ibrahim: Governments Need to Foster, Not Frustrate, Business,” Bureau of International Information Programs, U.S. Department of State, May 3, 2010, http://www.america.gov/st/business-english/2010/May/20100430155029WCyeroC9.975833e-02.html?CP.rss=true.
Mushtaq H. Khan, “Governance, Economic Growth, and Development Since the 1960s,” United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs, Working Paper 54, August 2007, 4–5.
See, for instance, Justin Yifu Lin, “Choosing Countries as Models for Industrial Growth,” February 1, 2001, http://blogs.worldbank.org/developmenttalk/choosing-countries-as-models-for-industrial-growth, and Justin Yifu Lin, “Why ‘Securing Transformation’ Matters in Development Economics,” October 4, 2010, http://blogs.worldbank.org/developmenttalk/why-securing-transformation-matters-in-development-economics.
Claire Melamed, Renate Hartwig, and Ursula Grant, “Jobs, Growth, and Poverty: What Do We Know, What Don’t We Know, What Should We Know?” Background Note (London: Overseas Development Institute, May 2011), 3.
Simeon Djankovand Rita Ramalho, “Employment Laws in Developing Countries,” Journal of Comparative Economics 37 no. 1 (March 2009), 12.
Copyright information
© 2013 Seth D. Kaplan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kaplan, S.D. (2013). Enlarging Markets, Spreading Wealth. In: Betrayed. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137341808_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137341808_11
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-46948-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-34180-8
eBook Packages: Palgrave Economics & Finance CollectionEconomics and Finance (R0)