Abstract
A plush ‘RMS Titanic Crew Bear’ toy from the ‘Titanic: The Artifact Exhibition’ in Ireland, a can of ‘The Last Breath of Communism’ from ‘Memento Park’ in Budapest, and a copy of the book Chained on the Rock: Slavery in Bermuda from the ‘Bermuda Maritime Museum’. These are all souvenirs or mementos that represent the breadth of items that can be purchased at visitor attractions related to dark tourism. Consequently, the fundamental question is whether these types of product items should be offered for sale and should you purchase them?
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Although there is debate on a number of events in history that may or may not have been classified as genocide, the ones selected have all been classified in this manner by the United Nations Convention on Genocide adopted in December 1948.
References
Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum. http://auschwitz.org/en/. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Biran, A., Poria, Y., & Oren, G. (2011). Sought experiences at (dark) heritage sites. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 820–841.
Brown, J. (2013). Dark tourism shops: Selling ‘dark’ and ‘difficult’ products. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 272–280.
Buda, D. (2015). The death drive in tourism studies. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, 39–51.
Cavegn, D. (2016). Museum of occupations to be expanded and renamed Vabamu. http://news.err.ee/v/Culture/db2ca4ab-9136-4e42-be80-df4f23d8aa5f/museum-of-occupations-to-be-expanded-and-renamed-vabamu. Accessed 20 May 2016.
Clarke, J. (2013). Experiential aspects of tourism gift consumption. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 19(1), 75–87.
Comité International de Dachau (International Dachau Committee). http://www.comiteinternationaldachau.com/en/. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Dale, C., & Robinson, N. (2011). Dark tourism. In P. Robinson, S. Heitmann, & P. Dieke (Eds.), Research themes for tourism (pp. 205–217). Oxfordshire: CAB International.
Farmaki, A. (2013). Dark tourism revisited: A supply/demand conceptualisation. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 281–292.
Fingal, D. (2008, November 23). Tools that create buzz: Words in a cloud. Learning & Leading with Technology.
Fodors. www.fodors.com. Accessed 2 Aug 2015.
Genocide Archive of Rwanda. http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Heuermann, K., & Chhabbra, K. (2014). The darker side of dark tourism: An authenticity perspective. Tourism Analysis, 19, 213–225.
Jansen-Verbeke, M. (1998). The synergism between shopping and tourism. In W. Theobald (Ed.), Global tourism (pp. 428–446). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Keil, C. (2005). Sightseeing in the mansions of the dead. Social and Cultural Geography, 6(4), 479–494.
Kerr, M. (2015). Scream: Chilling adventures in the science of fear. New York: Public Affairs.
Kolga, M. (2016). Welcome to the e-Occupation Museum. Estonian Life. http://www.eestielu.com/en/life/lifestyle/165-estonianlife-eestielu/opinion-arvamus/comment-kommentaar/5132-marcus-kolga-welcome-to-the-e-occupation-museum. Accessed 20 May 2016.
Lee, H. A., Law, R., & Murphy, J. (2011). Helpful reviewers in TripAdvisor, an online travel community. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(7), 675–688.
Li, H., Ye, Q., & Law, R. (2013). Determinants of customer satisfaction in the hotel industry: An application of online review analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 18(7), 784–802.
Light, D. (2001). Facing the future: Tourism and identity-building in post-socialist Romania. Political Geography, 20, 1053–1074.
McKenzie, B. (2011). Marketing of the dark: ‘Memento Park’ in Budapest. Emerging Markets Case Studies Collection, 1(4), 1–10.
McNaught, C., & Lam, P. (2010). Using Wordle as a supplementary research tool. The Qualitative Report, 15(3), 630–643.
Memento Park. http://www.mementopark.hu/. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Merlin Entertainment. http://www.merlinentertainments.biz/the-dungeons. Accessed 2 Aug 2015.
Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation. http://www.buchenwald.de/nc/en/896/. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Museum of Occupations of Estonia (MOE). http://www.okupatsioon.ee/en. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Neill, W. (2011). The debasing of myth: The privatization of titanic memory in designing the ‘post-conflict’ city. Journal of Urban Design, 16(1), 67–86.
Peters, K. (2011). Negotiating the ‘place’ and ‘placement’ of banal tourist souvenirs in the home. Tourism Geographies, 13(2), 234–256.
Poon, A. (1994). The ‘new tourism’ revolution. Tourism Management, 15(2), 91–92.
Ross, J. I. (2012). Touring imprisonment: A descriptive statistical analysis of prison museums. Tourism Management Perspectives, 4, 113–118.
Royal Air Force Museum Cosford. http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/cosford/. Accessed 27 Jul 2015.
Seaton, T. (2009). Purposeful otherness: Approaches to the management of Thanatourism. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The darker side of travel: The theory and practice of dark tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Selmi, N., Tur, C., & Dornier, R. (2012). To what extent may sites of death be tourism destinations? The cases of Hiroshima in Japan and Struthof in France. Asian Business & Management, suppl. Special Issue: The Evolving Nature of Corporate Social, 11(3), 311–328.
Sharpley, R., & Stone, P. R. (2009). (Re)presenting the macabre: Interpretation, Kitschification and authenticity. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The darker side of travel: The theory and practice of dark tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Spencer, B. (2010). Pilgrim souvenirs and secular badges. Suffolk: Boydell Press.
Srebrenica Web Genocide Museum. http://srebrenica360.com/. Accessed 4 Aug 2015.
Stone, P. R. (2006). A dark tourism Spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions. Tourism: An Interdisciplinary International Journal, 54(2), 145–160.
Stone, P. R. (2009). ‘It’s a bloody guide’: Fun, fear and a lighter side of dark tourism at The Dungeon visitor attractions, UK. In R. Sharpley & P. R. Stone (Eds.), The darker side of travel: The theory and practice of dark tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Stone, P. R. (2013). Dark tourism scholarship: A critical review. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 307–318.
Stone, P. R., & Sharpley, R. (2008). Consuming dark tourism: A Thanatological perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 574–595.
Sturken, M. (2007). Tourists of history: Memory, kitsch, and consumerism from Oklahoma City to ground zero. Durham/London: Duke University Press.
The Dungeons. http://www.thedungeons.com/locations/; London Dungeon, http://www.thedungeons.com/london/en/; York Dungeon, http://www.thedungeons.com/york/en/; Edinburgh Dungeon, http://www.thedungeons.com/edinburgh/en/. Accessed 2 2015.
Toepler, S. (2006). Caveat venditor? Museum merchandising, non-profit commercialisation, and the case of the metropolitan museum in New York. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 17, 95–109.
TripAdvisor. www.tripadvisor.com. Search of visitor postings about gifts shops at the York, Edinburgh, and London, ‘Dungeon’ Attractions. Accessed 2 Aug 2015.
Wilkins, H. (2011). Souvenirs: What and why we buy. Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 239–247.
Williams, P. (2004). Witnessing genocide: Vigilance and remembrance at Tuol Sleng and Choeung Ek. Holocaust and Genocide Studies, 18(2), 234–254.
Williams, P. (2007). Memorial museums: The global rush to commemorate atrocities. Oxford: Berg.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
McKenzie, B. (2018). ‘Death as a Commodity’: The Retailing of Dark Tourism. In: R. Stone, P., Hartmann, R., Seaton, T., Sharpley, R., White, L. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Dark Tourism Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47566-4_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47566-4_27
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-47565-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-47566-4
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)