Abstract
Any satisfactory method of making a social choice should be in some measure representative of the individual criteria which enter into it, should use the range of possible actions, and should observe consistency conditions among the choices made for different data sets. Arrow’s Theorem, or the Impossibility Theorem, states that there is no social choice mechanism which satisfies such reasonable conditions and which will be applicable to any arbitrary set of individual criteria. This article sets out the proof of the theorem.
This chapter was originally published in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition, 2008. Edited by Steven N. Durlauf and Lawrence E. Blume
Bibliography
Arrow, K.J. 1950. A difficulty in the concept of social welfare. Journal of Political Economy 58: 328–346.
Arrow, K.J. 1951. Social choice and individual values. New York: Wiley. (2nd edn, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963, identical except for an additional chapter.)
Arrow, K.J. 1973. Formal theories of social welfare. In Dictionary of the history of ideas, ed. P.P. Wiener, vol. 4, 276–284. New York: Scribner’s.
Bergson (Burk), A. 1938. A reformulation of certain aspects of welfare economics. Quarterly Journal of Economics 52: 310–334.
Black, D. 1948. On the rationale of group decision-making. Journal of Political Economy 56: 23–34.
Black, D. 1958. Theory of committees and elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Blau, J. 1957. The existence of social welfare functions. Econometrica 25: 302–313.
Bowen, H.R. 1943. The interpretation of voting in the allocation of economic resources. Quarterly Journal of Economics 58: 27–48.
Condorcet, M. de Caritat, Marquis de. 1785. Essai sur l’application de l’analyse à la probabilité des decisions rendues à la pluralité des voix. Paris: Imprimerie Royale.
Edgeworth, F.Y. 1897. The pure theory of taxation. In Papers relating to political economy, ed. F.Y. Edgeworth, vol. II, 63–125. London: Macmillan, 1925.
Hicks, J.R. 1939. The foundations of welfare economics. Economic Journal 49 (696–700): 711–712.
Kaldor, N. 1939. Welfare propositions of economics and interpersonal comparisons of utility. Economic Journal 49: 549–552.
Kelly, J.S. 1978. Arrow impossibility theorems. New York: Academic Press.
Murakami, Y. 1961. A note on the general possibility theorem of social welfare function. Econometrica 29: 244–246.
Rawls, J. 1971. A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Scitovsky, T. 1941. A reconsideration of the theory of tariffs. Review of Economic Studies 9: 92–95.
Sen, A.K. 1986. Social choice theory. In handbook of mathematical economics, ed. K.J. Arrow and M. Intriligator, vol. III, 1073–81. Amsterdam, North-Holland.
Sidgwick, H. 1901. Principles of political economy. 3rd ed. London: Macmillan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2008 The Author(s)
About this entry
Cite this entry
Arrow, K.J. (2008). Arrow’s Theorem. In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_137-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_137-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-95121-5
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Economics and FinanceReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
Arrow’s Theorem- Published:
- 06 March 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_137-2
-
Original
Arrow’s Theorem- Published:
- 03 November 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_137-1