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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2023; 58(01): 085-091
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750073
Artigo Original
Joelho

Relação dos ligamentos cruzados e meniscofemorais com a osteologia do joelho: Um estudo anatômico[*]

Article in several languages: português | English
Fernando Corbi-Aguirre 
1   Cirurgia Ortopédica e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Espanha
,
Francisco Forriol 
1   Cirurgia Ortopédica e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Espanha
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Resumo

Objetivo Analisar as dimensões do ligamento cruzado posterior (LCP), do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), a presença de ligamentos meniscofemorais (LMFs) em joelhos humanos e a correlação com as dimensões do esqueleto do joelho.

Métodos Estudo anatômico em 29 espécimes de joelhos humanos nos quais medimos o comprimento e a largura dos ligamentos cruzado e meniscofemoral e as dimensões dos côndilos femorais e tibiais e do entalhe femoral. O comprimento do LCA foi calculado com diferentes graus de flexão do joelho. Analisou-se a relação entre os ligamentos e as dimensões ósseas.

Resultados O comprimento do LCA e do LCP foram semelhantes, LMF posterior foi mais frequente e mais longo do que o LMF anterior. Foram encontradas LMF posterior em 72,41% dos joelhos e LMF anterior em 20,69%. O LCA apresentou 30% de seu comprimento máximo até 60°, aproximadamente metade de seu comprimento entre 90° e 120°, atingindo seu comprimento máximo com flexão de 170°. Encontramos uma forte correlação entre o comprimento do LCA e do LCP (p = 0,001). No entanto, os comprimentos do LCA e do LCP não estavam relacionados com as dimensões ósseas.

Conclusão Não encontramos correlações entre os ligamentos cruzado e meniscofemoral e as dimensões anatômicas do entalhe intercondilar e da tíbia proximal e do fêmur distal. A presença do LMF posterior foi mais frequente e maior que a do ligamento anterior.

Palavras-chave

joelho - ligamento cruzado anterior - ligamento posterior cruzado - menisco

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* Estudo realizado na Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade CEU-San Pablo, Madri, Espanha.




Publication History

Received: 22 November 2021

Accepted: 28 April 2022

Article published online:
24 March 2023

© 2023. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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