Microsurgery of Cerebral Aneurysm: Epidemiological Profile

 

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Abstract

Objectives Intracranial aneurysm consists of localized dilatation of the vascular wall. Its importance includes the fearsome event of rupture and subarachnoid hemorrhage, which presents high morbimortality rates. The present study aimed to analyze the profile and clinical outcome of patients submitted to the microsurgical approach of cerebral aneurysm in the city of Criciúma, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2015 to 2018.

Methods A retrospective observational study was performed, with secondary data collection and a quantitative approach of 47 charts.

Results A predominance of females (74.5%) and a mean age of 53 years old (53.53 ± 9.64) was observed. The middle cerebral artery was the most affected vessel (36.2%), with the highest percentage of aneurysms being between 2.1 mm and 7.0 mm (65.9%). There was a correlation between consciousness level and classification on the Hunt-Hess (HH) scale. Patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) > 7 points had a better prognostic score in the HH scale, and those with GCS ≤ 7 points had a worse prognostic score in the HH scale.

Conclusions The present study observed the presence of important risk factors for cerebral aneurysm formation, such as gender, age, smoking, and systemic arterial hypertension. The present study can measure a correlation of the level of consciousness with the HH classification.

Resumo

Objetivos O aneurisma cerebral consiste na dilatação localizada na parede vascular. Sua importância compreende o evento de ruptura e hemorragia subaracnóidea, tal evento com altas taxas de morbimortalidade. A presente pesquisa se propôs a analisar o perfil e o desfecho clínico de pacientes submetidos a abordagem microcirúrgica de aneurisma cerebral na cidade de Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2015 a 2018.

Métodos Foi realizado estudo observacional retrospectivo, com coleta de dados secundários e abordagem quantitativa de 47 prontuários.

Resultados Foi observada uma predominância do sexo feminino (74,5%) e uma média de idade de 53 anos (±9,64). A artéria cerebral média foi o vaso mais acometido (36,2%), com a maior porcentagem dos aneurismas situando-se entre 2,1 mm a 7,0 mm (65,9%). Houve uma correlação entre o nível de consciência dos pacientes e a classificação dos mesmos na escala de Hunt-Hess (HH). O paciente com Escala de Coma de Glasgow (GCS) > 7 pontos obteve uma classificação de melhor prognóstico em HH e aquele com GCS ≤ 7 pontos obteve uma classificação de pior prognóstico em HH.

Conclusões O presente estudo observou a presença de fatores de risco importantes para a formação do aneurisma cerebral, como gênero, idade, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. O presente estudo pode aferir uma correlação do nível de consciência com a classificação de HH.

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