Endoscopy 2022; 54(02): E47-E48
DOI: 10.1055/a-1376-6350
E-Videos

Ampullectomy of an unusual lesion developing 20 years after endoscopic treatment of a type III choledochocele

1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
Ariane Vienne
1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
Hedi Benosman
1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
Chloé Broudin
2   Pathology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
Christophe Cellier
1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
,
Gabriel Rahmi
1   Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
› Author Affiliations

A type III choledochocele is a rare congenital cystic dilation of the intraduodenal portion of the main bile duct, representing 5 % of all choledochal cysts according to the Toldani classification [1]. Choledochoceles may cause biliary obstruction and carcinoma development with a reported incidence of 2.5 %. To date, endoscopic treatment remains the less invasive technique, which consists of cystic mass removal associated with sphincterotomy [2] [3]. However, the risk of carcinoma development may persist even after treatment and reports of long-term outcomes are lacking [4].

Herein we report the original case of a 78-year-old woman presenting with a previous history of sphincterotomy for a type III choledochocele 20 years ago ([Video 1]). She presented with a 12-mm low-grade dysplasia adenoma arising from the sphincterotomy scar ([Fig. 1]), mimicking an ampulloma. To the best of our knowledge, such a lesion has yet to be reported. Imaging modalities (endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) revealed a 9-mm moderate dilation of the main bile duct upstream of a distal stenosis ([Fig. 2]).

Video 1 Ampullectomy of an unusual lesion that developed 20 years after endoscopic treatment of a type III choledochocele.


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Fig. 1 Endoscopic view of the ampulloma-like lesion involving the biliary tract and the whole ampulloma mass.
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Fig. 2 Endoscopic aspect of the duodenal wall after resection.

A new endoscopic procedure was performed. The patient was placed in a dorsal position under general anesthesia. Similar to an ampullectomy, a duodenoscope under CO2 insufflation was used. An en bloc resection was performed using a 15-mm braided snare (Lariat; Life Partners Europe, Bagnolet, France) and the specimen was immediately retrieved ( [Fig.3]). Cholangiography revealed a delayed clearance of the contrast due to the distal stenosis ( [Fig.4]). Complementary intraductal biopsies of the stenosis were performed using a pediatric biopsy forceps. Prevention of post-ampullectomy pancreatitis was ensured by intrarectal indometacine administration, pancreatic stenting with a 5-Fr × 5-cm plastic stent, and ringer lactate hyperhydration. The patient was discharged after 24 h without complications.

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Fig. 3 Additional biopsies of the stenosis were guided by cholangiography. Cholangiography revealed a distal stenosis of the main bile duct. Biopsy sampling of the stenosis was performed using pediatric biopsy forceps.
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Fig. 4 Histological features of the ampulloma-like resection. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed a tubulous adenoma with low-grade dysplasia arising and surrounding the biliary orifice.

Final histology confirmed the R0 resection of a low-grade dysplasia adenoma. Biopsies of the stenosis revealed only fibrotic tissue. The 4-month follow-up duodenoscopy confirmed the absence of local recurrence.

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Publication History

Article published online:
05 March 2021

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