Original ResearchBasic and Translational—Alimentary TractFlotillin-1 Promotes Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor Signaling and Activation of NF-κB in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells
Section snippets
Cells
Primary cultures of normal esophageal epithelial cells (NEEC) were established from fresh specimens of the adjacent noncancerous esophageal tissue, which was over 5 cm from the cancerous tissue, according to previously reports.23 The esophageal cancer cell lines, including Kyse180, Kyse410, TE-1, 108CA, HKESC1, EC18 (kindly provided by Dr Xinyuan Guan, University of Hong Kong), Kyse30, Kyse510, Kyse520, Eca109, and Kyse140, were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad,
FLOT1 Overexpression Correlates With Progression and Poor Prognosis in Human ESCC
To investigate the oncogenic role of FLOT1 in ESCC progression, we first examined the expression of FLOT1 in ESCC cell lines and human ESCC tissues. As shown in Figure 1A and Supplementary Figure 1A, FLOT1 was up-regulated at both the protein and messenger RNA levels in all 11 analyzed ESCC cell lines compared with 2 primary NEECs. Comparative analyses showed that FLOT1 was differentially elevated in 8 human ESCC samples compared with the matched adjacent nontumor tissues, and elevated levels
Discussion
ESCC account for more than 90% of the esophageal cancer cases and are the sixth most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.25, 26 China has the highest incidence and mortality rates of ESCC in the world, with nearly 50% of all new ESCC diagnoses occurring in China.27, 28 NF-κB has been reported to be constitutively activated in ESCC, and targeting the NF-κB pathway results in the suppression of tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis of human ESCC, demonstrating the vital role of
Acknowledgments
L.S. and H.G. contributed equally to this work.
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Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.
Funding Supported by GDUPS (2012) and Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81071780, 81030048, 81071647, 81071762); The Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province (No. S2011020002757).