Possibility of implementing a cluster based on the territorial public self-government that includes sports, retailers and consumer services

. The economic crisis has had a negative impact on the clustering processes. Nevertheless, in the current conditions there is a prospect of changing the very ideology of cluster models. It is very likely that the high impact of the volatility factor in the business environment will determine a qualitatively new format for the implementation of cluster initiatives. In most cases, the population of a particular territory is not directly involved in the process of creating a cluster but is considered as a labour force capable of achieving the goals of clustering. However, it is impossible to say that cluster projects cannot be initiated on the principle of "bottom-up development" where the population performs are not only the functions of "personnel" but also determines the feasibility of forming a project. This ensures open an equal access to the resources of absolutely all cluster participants and the population acts as an initiator, coordinator, investor and source of labour resources. In this regard, we think that it is appropriate and possible to consider the prospect of creating cluster (and similar ones) projects by the example of territorial public self-governments.


Methods
It seems the establishment of symbiotic relations between TPSG and SME entities that conduct economic activities in the territory within the boundaries of which territorial public self-government is carried out can reduce the acuteness of this problem.We see the direction of their mutually beneficial cooperation in the implementation by the TPSG' management bodies of a common bonus loyalty scheme.In this condition SME when purchasing goods (works, services) by program participants (i.e., citizens) would accrue bonus points (de jure -the obligation to provide a discount) and would make deductions to the program organizer in the amount of this discount.For example, a citizen purchasing a product in a grocery connected to the loyalty program can spend bonus points from any other partner of the program -a sports club, a barber shop, a pharmacy, etc.
The tasks of the TPSG' management bodies will include the reimbursement of the discounts provided to the partners of the loyalty program with the deduction of their agency fee that can be used to achieve the goals for which the TPSG was created.Thus, citizens will understand that by buying goods or ordering works and services from the program partners they contribute to the improvement of the territory where they live.
Of course, this system can be effective only if the TPSG authorities make efforts to ensure that citizens know what the economic entities have joined the loyalty program.Therefore, it is advisable to post information about the program's partners on the Internet.Thus, people will be able to easily find sellers and performers which can be not only organizations but also individual entrepreneurs and self-employed persons [10].
The main problem in the implementation of the described concept is likely to be the technical side of its implementation.But it can be solved by creatingmaybe with the support of the state -a common Internet portal where TPSG' management bodies could register as organizers of loyalty programs and SMEs and citizens could connect to the programs, they are interested in.It is worth considering the possibility of an automated payment system between the organizers and partners of the loyalty program as part of such an online platform.It also makes sense to develop an appropriate mobile app.
Local self-government bodies can also make a significant contribution to the implementation of the idea under consideration by help to inform the population about TPSG that implement the described loyalty programs as well as encouraging TPSG to independently attract financial resources.
From this perspective it is interesting that the experience of the Perm urban district where a system of competitions for socially significant projects is implemented in order to increase the activity of the population in solving local issues.To participate in the TPSG competition it is necessary not only to develop a project but also to independently attract at least 30% of the resources needed for its implementation.The winners of the competition receive the corresponding grants [11].It seems that such a system makes it possible to use the local budget more effectively not only because the solution of local issues is partially carried out at the expense of private capital.But also because of its involvement the population in this process since often only the residents themselves know exactly how to solve certain current issues for them [12].
Let us pay attention to a number of features inherent in clusters formed on the basis of TPSG.First, this type of cluster can be called complex since they can include organizations of a wide variety of economic sectors.The main thing is their territorial location and the opportunity to be useful for the local community.It makes them possibility to carry out activities in a more favorable business environment than enterprises that cannot become part of an industry cluster.For example, this applies to sports clubs in the place of residence.
Second, the cores of the clusters under consideration (i.e., TPSG) have certain public functions.In particular, they have the right to submit to local self-government bodies mandatory draft municipal legal acts for consideration.This means that the TPSG can effectively act as a mediator in the dialogue between the cluster participants and local authorities including the issues related to improving the investment climate in the territory of the municipality.
Third, TPSG is created and functions thanks to the "bottom-up development" initiative that is in a natural way.It is very important taking into account the fact that effective clusters (as world experience shows) very rarely arise artificially [13].
Fourth, within a municipality there can be as many TPSG as the population needs since the legislation does not limit their maximum number.Since the municipalities are formed throughout the entire territory of our country, there is a possibility of formation of such a number of clusters around territorial public selfgovernments that the economy needs at both the mesoand macrolevels.
To analyze the possibility of clustering the authors propose to apply some operations of set theory in particular the intersection operation (denoted as A∩B and is a set of elements contained in both set A and set B).At the same time, both A and B is a set of elements that describe the relationship of the business cluster groups to the sources of funding, potential involvement and interest to be in the cluster.This approach allows us to identify the "points of contact" of the interests of various groups of the cluster being formed as well as to determine (with a high degree of confidence) the possibility or impossibility of creating a cluster at this stage and with these participants.