Classification of High-Rise Residential Building Facilities : A Descriptive Survey on 170 Housing Scheme in Klang Valley

High-rise residential building is a type of housing that has multi-dwelling units built on the same land. This type of housing has become popular each year in urban area due to the increasing cost of land. There are several common facilities provided in high-rise residential building. For example playground, swimming pool, gymnasium, 24 hours security system such as CCTV, access card and so on. Thus, maintenance works of the common facilities must be well organised. The purpose of this paper is to identify the classification of facilities provided at high rise residential building. The survey was done on 170 high-rise residential schemes by using stratified random sampling technique. The scope of this research is within Klang Valley area. This area is rapidly developed with high-rise residential building. The objective of this survey is to list down all the facilities provided in each sample of the schemes. The result, there are nine classification of facilities provided for high-rise residential building.


Introduction
In urban area, the demand for high-rise residential building increases each year due to the increase in house and land prices [1].People prefer to live in high rise residential building due to the present lifestyle of people in the city [2].Furthermore, the increasing population and income nowadays caused the increasing demand of highrise residential building.For example 27.5% of Sydney, 84% of Singapore and more than 95% of Hong Kong population lives in high rise building [3].In addition, the vicinity facilities of high-rise residential building such as Mass Railway Transit (MRT) and shopping complexes attract people in the city to own units in high-rise residential buildings.In addition, there are several common facilities provided in high-rise building scheme that can be enjoyed by the residents such as swimming pool, gymnasium, landscape, 24 hours security system, sports court and so on.Thus, these facilities must be well maintained to ensure its functionality.All the cost of maintenance works are come from the maintenance fees.This maintenance fees are imposed on the resident's responsibility.As mentioned by [4] a good management service must have a good financial support.But, managing high-rise building in Malaysia is still new and the experience managing high-rise properties have been inconsistent due to lack of maintenance fund [1,4].There are many arguments occur between management body and residents on the maintenance fund.Residents are refuse to pay the maintenance fees because they claimed that the value of maintenance fund is not comparable with the facilities provided at their scheme [1,5,6].Some declare they do not use all the facilities provided and refuse to pay the maintenance fees [1,7].Otherwise, residents request to know the transparency flow of maintenance fund allocation [6].Therefore, the objective of this paper is to categories all the facilities provided at high-rise residential building scheme.This can be a guide for the management to determine the realistic maintenance cost to be imposed on the residents of highrise building.These classification is important to create better management system for high rise residential building.Then, it can give clear definition on the type of high-rise residential based on its facilities rather than based on the price and its location.In addition, management body can used this classification as a guide to determine the realistic maintenance cost to be imposed on the residents of high-rise building scheme.Table 1 shows the possible facilities provided at high-rise residential building gathered from literature and several guidelines.In Malaysia, there are 67.4% non-low cost high rise residential building were built in the area of Klang Valley [1,6].Klang Valley is an economic centre of Malaysian country.Therefore, the sample used in these area already met the sampling requirement for the purpose of the study [6].There are 1,769 non-low cost high rise residential building scheme in Klang Valley.By using stratified random sampling technique, there are 170 non-low cost housing scheme were selected in the area of Klang Valley to do a survey on the availability of high-rise building facilities (refer table 2).The objective of the survey is to categories all the facilities provided at Malaysian non-low cost high-rise residential building scheme.

Analysis and Results
This study used an analysis factor to classify all the facilities provided in non-low cost of high-rise residential building in Malaysia.Therefore, principle component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was used to classify the facilities [22].Table 3 shows the value of KMO for the availability of facilities was 0.842.This value is more than 0.7 which indicates that the number of samples used is sufficient to undergo analysis factor.The value of Bartlett's Test of Sphericity is significant (less than 0.001) means that the independent variables is suitable for analysis factor [23].Furthermore, the percentage of variance explained was 72.092% which is more than 60% of the total variance as proposed by [23] (refer table 4).These value shows that the research data is suitable for next process of analysis factor.Table 5 shows the results of analysis factor for the availability of facilities at non-low cost of high-rise residential building in Malaysia.There are 44 items were analysed in the analysis factor and 4 items aborted due to the loading factor less than 0.4 as suggested by [23].There are 3 factors developed from the analysis.Then, the classification of facilities were renamed according to the Malaysia guideline from KPKT.The first group was classified as basic facilities [12].

Conclusions
In a nutshell, maintenance charges is the main issues and problems related to high-rise residential building.This problem lead to the poor facility maintenance for majority of the high-rise residential scheme.Therefore, this paper determine all the facilities provided at high-rise building according to the nine pre-classifications identified.After undergo the process of analysis factor, these nine pre-classifications were regroup into 3 new factors which are basic facilities, exclusive facilities and support facilities.Then, the distribution of maintenance cost and expenses can be clarified at later stage according to these 3 classification of facilities.This study will serve as benchmark for the designation of facilities at each type of high-rise residential scheme.Then, the better solution for maintenance cost expenses can be determined at the later stage of this research.

Table 1 .
Availability of Facilities at High-Rise Residential Building

Table 2 .
Non-Low Cost High-rise Residential Building Scheme in Klang Valley

Table 4 .
Total Variance Explained

Table 5 .
Analysis Factor