Issue 36, 2023

The cyto-linker and scaffolding protein “plectin” mis-localization leads to softening of cancer cells

Abstract

Discovering tools to prevent cancer progression requires understanding the fundamental differences between normal and cancer cells. More than a decade ago, atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed cancer cells’ softer body compared to their healthy counterparts. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the softening of cancerous cells in comparison with their healthy counterparts based on AFM high resolution stiffness tomography and 3D confocal microscopy. We showed microtubules (MTs) network in invasive ductal carcinoma cell cytoskeleton is basally located and segmented for around 400 nm from the cell periphery. Additionally, the cytoskeleton scaffolding protein plectin exhibits a mis-localization from the cytoplasm to the surface of cells in the carcinoma which justifies the dissociation of the MT network from the cell's cortex. Furthermore, the assessment of MTs’ persistence length using a worm-like-chain (WLC) model in high resolution AFM images showed lower persistence length of the single MTs in ductal carcinoma compared to that in the normal state. Overall, these tuned mechanics support the invasive cells to ascertain more flexibility under compressive forces in small deformations. These data provide new insights into the structural origins of cancer aids in progression.

Graphical abstract: The cyto-linker and scaffolding protein “plectin” mis-localization leads to softening of cancer cells

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 May 2023
Accepted
17 Aug 2023
First published
05 Sep 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 15008-15026

The cyto-linker and scaffolding protein “plectin” mis-localization leads to softening of cancer cells

A. Amiri, C. Dietz, A. Rapp, M. C. Cardoso and R. W. Stark, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 15008 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR02226A

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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