Issue 12, 2023

A rapid and green GC-MS method for the sampling of volatile organic compounds in spices and flowers by concurrent headspace single-drop microextraction and solid-phase microextraction

Abstract

The equilibrium rather than the exhaustive nature of headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) allowed the concurrent sampling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on the same sample in the same vial in a dual extraction configuration. This has avoided the necessity of conducting a separate set of experiments and was found to produce results in the time duration of a single sample preparation experiment. The results obtained by HS-SDME were validated against those found by the standard method of HS-SPME. Rectilinear calibration was made for certain VOCs tested as analytes over the range of 0.01–8 μg g−1, and the average values of R2, LOD and LOQ were found to be, respectively, 0.9992, 1.9 ng g−1 and 5.7 ng g−1 in HS-SDME, and 0.9991, 3.1 ng g−1 and 9.1 ng g−1 in HS-SPME. The spiked recoveries and RSD were, respectively, 100.5% and 3.3% in HS-SDME and 98.1% and 3.6% in HS-SPME. HS-SDME is convenient to perform and produce results in a much cheaper way than HS-SPME and free from the inconveniences of memory effects. With GC-MS, this method has also been implemented as a rapid, reliable and green procedure (by GAPI and AGREE tools) for the sampling of VOCs in real samples of spices, flowers, and a beetle nut chewing sample illicitly containing tobacco.

Graphical abstract: A rapid and green GC-MS method for the sampling of volatile organic compounds in spices and flowers by concurrent headspace single-drop microextraction and solid-phase microextraction

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Jan 2023
Accepted
21 Feb 2023
First published
22 Feb 2023

Anal. Methods, 2023,15, 1536-1545

A rapid and green GC-MS method for the sampling of volatile organic compounds in spices and flowers by concurrent headspace single-drop microextraction and solid-phase microextraction

M. Gupta, S. Soni, A. Jain and K. K. Verma, Anal. Methods, 2023, 15, 1536 DOI: 10.1039/D3AY00071K

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