In situ topochemically converted 2D BaTiO3 polycrystals with multifarious zone axes

Fang Kang; Bin Yao; Wenxiong Zhang; Fangyi Yao; Qing Zhao; Lei Miao; Fan Zhao; Zhuonan Huang; Weixing Zhao; Galhenage Asha Sewvandi; Yifei Wang; Lixue Zhang; Qi Feng; Dengwei Hu

doi:10.1039/D2MA00283C

In situ topochemically converted 2D BaTiO₃ polycrystals with multifarious zone axes†

Fang Kang,‡^ab Bin Yao,‡^c Wenxiong Zhang,^d Fangyi Yao,^e Qing Zhao,^a Lei Miao,

^a Fan Zhao,^af Zhuonan Huang,*^a Weixing Zhao,^ae Galhenage Asha Sewvandi,^g Yifei Wang,

*^h Lixue Zhang,

^b Qi Feng^e and Dengwei Hu

*^a

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials, Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry of Shaanxi Province, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, 1 Hi-Tech Avenue, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
E-mail: iceedu@126.com, hdwpolymer@yahoo.co.jp
Fax: +86-(0)917-356-6366
Tel: +86-(0)917-356-6055

^b State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China

^c School of Aerospace Science & Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, P. R. China

^d Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Koto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan

^e Department of Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu-shi, Japan

^f School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China

^g Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Sri Lanka

^h Electrical Insulation Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
E-mail: y.wang@uconn.edu

Abstract

BaTiO₃ polycrystals with platelike morphology are prepared on the basis of an in situ topochemical conversion mechanism from a layered titanate H_4x/3Ti_2−x/3□_x/3O₄·nH₂O (HTO) single crystal as the precursor and different barium compounds. BaTiO₃ polycrystals present single-crystal-like electron diffraction points, indicating mesocrystals. The different BaTiO₃ mesocrystals present non-uniform zone axes; however, the [100] zone axis of 60% is dominant owing to the intermediate mesocrystalline TiO₂ polymorphs derived from the HTO precursors with the allied TiO₆ octahedral layers. First-principles density functional theory calculations were performed for the verification of the most easily generated BaTiO₃(100) surface compared to the other surfaces. BaTiO₃ mesocrystals with high purity and multifarious zone axes can be formed using the HTO crystals as a precursor. Furthermore, [100]-textured BaTiO₃ ceramics with high density, enhanced degree of orientation, and high piezoelectric constant are fabricated via templated grain growth, using the BaTiO₃ mesocrystals as templates. Textured BaTiO₃ ceramics with excellent physical properties are developed mainly by the growth of oriented template BaTiO₃ mesocrystals with the [100] zone axis at the expense of matrix grains, which are BaTiO₃ mesocrystals with the non-[100] zone axis. This novel strategy can control the desired orientation of textured materials with high piezoelectric properties.

Materials Advances

In situ topochemically converted 2D BaTiO₃ polycrystals with multifarious zone axes†

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