Issue 10, 2021

Electron confinement meet electron delocalization: non-additivity and finite-size effects in the polarizabilities and dispersion coefficients of the fullerenes

Abstract

In this work, we used finite-field derivative techniques and density functional theory (DFT) to compute the static isotropic polarizability series (αl with l = 1, 2, 3) for the C60–C84 fullerenes and quantitatively assess the intrinsic non-additivity in these fundamental response properties. By comparing against classical models of the fullerenes as conducting spherical shells (or solid spheres) of uniform electron density, a detailed critical analysis of the derived effective scaling laws (α1N1.2, α2N2.0, α3N2.7) demonstrates that the electronic structure of finite-sized fullerenes—a unique dichotomy of electron confinement and delocalization effects due to their quasi-spherical cage-like structures and encapsulated void spaces—simultaneously limits and enhances their quantum mechanical response to electric field perturbations. Corresponding frequency-dependent polarizabilities were obtained by inputting the αl series into the hollow sphere model (within the modified single frequency approximation), and used to compute the molecular dispersion coefficients (Cn with n = 6, 8, 9, 10) needed to describe the non-trivial van der Waals (vdW) interactions in fullerene-based systems. Using first-order perturbation theory in conjunction with >140 000 DFT calculations, we also computed the non-negligible zero-point vibrational contributions to α1 in C60 and C70, thereby enabling a more accurate and direct comparison between theory and experiment for these quintessential nanostructures.

Graphical abstract: Electron confinement meet electron delocalization: non-additivity and finite-size effects in the polarizabilities and dispersion coefficients of the fullerenes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
29 Oct 2020
Accepted
11 Jan 2021
First published
02 Mar 2021

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021,23, 5773-5779

Author version available

Electron confinement meet electron delocalization: non-additivity and finite-size effects in the polarizabilities and dispersion coefficients of the fullerenes

K. U. Lao, Y. Yang and R. A. DiStasio, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 5773 DOI: 10.1039/D0CP05638C

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