Issue 47, 2015

Wavelet formulation of the polarizable continuum model. II. Use of piecewise bilinear boundary elements

Abstract

The simplicity of dielectric continuum models has made them a standard tool in almost any Quantum Chemistry (QC) package. Despite being intuitive from a physical point of view, the actual electrostatic problem at the cavity boundary is challenging: the underlying boundary integral equations depend on singular, long-range operators. The parametrization of the cavity boundary should be molecular-shaped, smooth and differentiable. Even the most advanced implementations, based on the integral equation formulation (IEF) of the polarizable continuum model (PCM), generally lead to working equations which do not guarantee convergence to the exact solution and/or might become numerically unstable in the limit of large refinement of the molecular cavity (small tesserae). This is because they generally make use of a surface parametrization with cusps (interlocking spheres) and employ collocation methods for the discretization (point charges). Wavelets on a smooth cavity are an attractive alternative to consider: for the operators involved, they lead to highly sparse matrices and precise error control. Moreover, by making use of a bilinear basis for the representation of operators and functions on the cavity boundary, all equations can be differentiated to enable the computation of geometrical derivatives. In this contribution, we present our implementation of the IEFPCM with bilinear wavelets on a smooth cavity boundary. The implementation has been carried out in our module PCMSolver and interfaced with LSDalton, demonstrating the accuracy of the method both for the electrostatic solvation energy and for linear response properties. In addition, the implementation in a module makes our framework readily available to any QC software with minimal effort.

Graphical abstract: Wavelet formulation of the polarizable continuum model. II. Use of piecewise bilinear boundary elements

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Jun 2015
Accepted
27 Jul 2015
First published
27 Jul 2015
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015,17, 31566-31581

Author version available

Wavelet formulation of the polarizable continuum model. II. Use of piecewise bilinear boundary elements

M. Bugeanu, R. Di Remigio, K. Mozgawa, S. S. Reine, H. Harbrecht and L. Frediani, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 31566 DOI: 10.1039/C5CP03410H

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