Issue 3, 2009
From the journal:

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

Element speciation analysis of petroleum and related materials

Guilhem Caumette,ab   Charles-Philippe Lienemann,b   Isabelle Merdrignac,b   Brice Bouyssierea  and  Ryszard Lobinski*ac  

* Corresponding authors

a LCABIE, UMR 5254, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 av. Pr. Angot, Pau, France
E-mail: ryszard.lobinski@univ-pau.fr

b Physics and Analysis Division, Refining-Petrochemicals Technology Business Unit, IFP-Lyon, Vernaison, France

c Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, Warszawa, Poland

Abstract

Challenges to identification, characterisation and determination of element species in crude and residual oils, oil fractions, natural gas and gas condensates, and related products are presented. The principal elements of concern include vanadium, nickel, sulfur, mercury and arsenic. The state-of-the-art of analytical methods available for element speciation in petroleum-related matrices is discussed with particular attention given to chromatography with plasma source atomic spectrometric detection. Methods for fractionation of metal species prior to chromatography are critically reviewed. Analysis for metal species by gas (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) using different separation mechanisms (size-exclusion, adsorption, ion-exchange, reversed and normal-phase) and element selective detection are discussed. The potential and limitations of LC-ICP AES, LC-ICP MS, GC-MIP AES and GC-ICP MS are highlighted in the context of techniques allowing a direct insight into the metal coordination in petroleum-related samples, such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and molecular mass spectrometry (using laser desorption, electrospray and chemical ionization).

Graphical abstract: Element speciation analysis of petroleum and related materials

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/B817888G
Article type
Critical Review
Submitted
13 Oct 2008
Accepted
22 Dec 2008
First published
28 Jan 2009

J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2009,24, 263-276

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Element speciation analysis of petroleum and related materials

G. Caumette, C. Lienemann, I. Merdrignac, B. Bouyssiere and R. Lobinski, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2009, 24, 263 DOI: 10.1039/B817888G

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