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Paclitaxel augments cytotoxic effect of photodynamic therapy using verteporfin in gastric and bile duct cancer cells

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Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows a limited antitumor effect in treating gastrointestinal tumors because of improper light penetration or insufficient photosensitizer uptake. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of PDT combined with paclitaxel on in vitro cancer cells. In vitro photodynamic therapy was performed in gastric cancer cells (NCI-N87) and bile duct cancer cells (YGIC-6B) using verteporfin (2 μg mL−1) and a ptH light source (1?000 W, Oriel Co.) with 665–675 nm narrow band pass filter. Cytotoxicity was compared using the MTT assay between cancer cells treated with PDT alone or pretreated with paclitaxel (IC25 ). Apoptotic changes were evaluated using DAPI staining, DNA fragmentation analysis, Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis, and western blots for cytochrome c, Bax, and Bid. The PDT-induced cytotoxicity was potentiated by pretreating with low dose paclitaxel (P < 0.001). The enhanced cytotoxicity was due to an augmented apoptotic response mediated by exaggerated cytochrome c released from mitochondria, without Bax or Bid activation. These results show that paclitaxel pretreatment enhances PDT-mediated cancer therapy.

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Author notes

  1. Seungwoo Park and Sung Pil Hong contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, 134 Shinchon-Dong Seodaemun-Gu, 120-752, Seoul, Korea

    Seungwoo Park, Sung Pil Hong, Seungmin Bang, Jae Bock Chung & Si Young Song

  2. Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea

    Tae Yoon Oh & Si Young Song

Authors
  1. Seungwoo Park
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  2. Sung Pil Hong
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  3. Tae Yoon Oh
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  4. Seungmin Bang
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  5. Jae Bock Chung
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  6. Si Young Song
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Correspondence to Si Young Song.

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Park, S., Hong, S.P., Oh, T.Y. et al. Paclitaxel augments cytotoxic effect of photodynamic therapy using verteporfin in gastric and bile duct cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 7, 769–774 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1039/b719072g

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b719072g

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