Abstract
In Arabidopsis leaves, chloroplast movement is fluence rate dependent. At optimal, lower light fluences, chloroplasts accumulate at the cell surface to maximize photosynthetic potential. Under high fluence rates, chloroplasts avoid incident light to escape photodamage. In this paper, we examine the phenomenon of chloroplast avoidance movement in greater detail and demonstrate a proportional relationship between fluence rate and the velocity of chloroplast avoidance. In addition we show that the amount of light-activated phototropin2, the photoreceptor for the avoidance response, likely plays a role in this phenomenon, as heterozygous mutant plants show a reduced avoidance velocity compared to that of homozygous wild type plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Kasahara, T. Kagawa, K. Oikawa, N. Suetsugu, M. Miyao, M. Wada, Chloroplast avoidance movement reduces photodamage in plants, Nature, 2002, 420, 829–832.
M. Wada, T. Kagawa, Y. Sato, Chloroplast movement, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 2003, 54, 455–468.
Y. Sato, A. Kadota, M. Wada, Chloroplast movement: Dissection of events downstream of photo- and mechano-perception, J. Plant Res., 2003, 116, 1–5.
T. Kagawa, M. Wada, Blue light-induced chloroplast relocation, Plant Cell Physiol., 2002, 43, 367–371.
T. Kagawa, T. Sakai, N. Suetsugu, K. Oikawa, S. Ishiguro, T. Kato, S. Tabata, K. Okada, M. Wada, Arabidopsis NPL1: A phototropin homologue controlling the chloroplast high-light avoidance response, Science, 2001, 291, 2138–2141.
J. A. Jarillo, H. Gabrys, J. Capel, J. M. Alonso, J. R. Ecker, A. R. Cashmore, Phototropin-related NPL1 controls chloroplast relocation induced by blue light, Nature, 2001, 410, 952–954.
E. Huala, P. W. Oeller, E. Liscum, I. S. Han, E. Larsen, W. R. Briggs, Arabidopsis NPH1: a protein kinase with a putative redox-sensing domain, Science, 1997, 278, 2120–2123.
K. Oikawa, M. Kasahara, T. Kiyosue, T. Kagawa, N. Suetsugu, F. Takahashi, T. Kanegae, Y. Niwa, A. Kadota, M. Wada, CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL POSITIONING1 is essential for proper chloroplast positioning, Plant Cell, 2003, 15, 2805–2815.
S. Stoelzle, T. Kagawa, M. Wada, R. Hedrich, P. Dietrich, Blue light activates calcium-permeable channels in Arabidopsis mesophyll cells via the phototropin signaling pathway, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003, 100, 1456–1461.
A. Harada, T. Sakai, K. Okada, Phot1 and phot2 mediate blue light-induced transient increases in cytosolic Ca2+ differently in Arabidopsis leaves, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003, 100, 8583–8588.
T. Kagawa, M. Wada, Blue light-induced chloroplast relocation in Arabidopsis thaliana as analyzed by microbeam irradiation, Plant Cell Physiol., 2000, 41, 84–93.
E. Liscum, W. R. Briggs, Mutations in the NPH1 locus of Arabidopsis disrupt the perception of phototropic stimuli, Plant Cell, 1995, 7, 473–485.
K. K. Niyogi, A. R. Grossman, O. Bjorkman, Arabidopsis mutants define a central role for the xanthophyll cycle in the regulation of photosynthetic energy conversion, Plant Cell, 1998, 10, 1121–1134.
T. Sakai, T. Kagawa, M. Kasahara, T. E. Swartz, J. M. Christie, W. R. Briggs, M. Wada, K. Okada, Arabidopsis Nph1 and npl1: Blue-light receptors that mediate both phototropism and chloroplast relocation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2001, 98, 6969–6974.
T. Kinoshita, M. Doi, N. Suetsugu, T. Kagawa, M. Wada, K. Shimazaki, phot1 and phot2 mediate blue light regulation of stomatal opening, Nature, 2001, 414, 656–660.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kagawa, T., Wada, M. Velocity of chloroplast avoidance movement is fluence rate dependent. Photochem Photobiol Sci 3, 592–595 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1039/b316285k
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b316285k