Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Original Paper
  • Published:

Development of inhibitors for protein tyrosine kinases

Abstract

In the last 5 years, through combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, computational chemistry, and traditional medicinal chemistry, numerous inhibitors for various protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) have been developed. The majority of these compounds are small molecules that compete at the ATP binding site of the catalytic domain of the enzymes. Some compounds such as pseudosubstrate-based peptide inhibitor binds to the peptide/protein substrate site of the catalytic domain. Some inhibitors, primarily monoclonal antibodies, bind to the extracellular domain of receptor tyrosine kinases. Some of these inhibitors are highly potent and selective. Several are currently undergoing clinical trials for a number of diseases such as cancer.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akyama T, Ishida J and Nakagawa S. . 1987 J. Biol. Chem. 262: 5592–5595.

  • Alfaro-Lopez J, Yuan W, Phan B, Kamath J, Lou Q, Lam KS and Hruby VJ. . 1998 J. Med. Chem. 41: 2252–2260.

  • Al-Obeidi FA, Wu JJ and Lam KS. . 1998 Biopolymers (Peptide Science) 47: 197–223.

  • Baselga J, Norton L, Albanell J, Kim YM and Mendelsohn J. . 1998 Cancer Res. 58: 2825–2831.

  • Baselga J, Pfister D, Cooper MR, Cohen R, Burtness B, Bos M, D'Andrea G, Seidman A, Norton L, Gunnett K, Falcey J, Anderson V, Waksal H and Mendelsohn J. . 2000 J. Clin. Oncol. 18: 904–914.

  • Baselga J, Tripathy D, Mendelsohn J, Baughman S, Benz CC, Dantis L, Sklarin NT, Seidman AD, Hudis CA, Moore J, Rosen PP, Twaddell T, Henderson IC and Norton L. . 1996 J. Clin. Oncol. 14: 737–744.

  • Ben-Bassat H, Rosenbaum-Mitrani S, Hartzstark Z, Levitzki R, Chaouat M, Shlomai Z, Klein BY, Kleinberger-Doron N, Gazit A, Tsvieli R and Levitzki A. . 1999 Pharmacol. Exper. Ther. 290: 1442–1457.

  • Boschelli DH. . 1999 Drugs-of-the-Future 24: 515–537.

  • Botfield MC and Green J. . 1995 Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 30: 227–237.

  • Boyce BF, Yoneda T, Lowe C, Soriano P and Mundy GR. . 1992 J. Clin. Invest. 90: 1622–1627.

  • Braunwalder AF, Yarwood DR, Hall T, Missbach M, Lipson KE and Sills MA. . 1996 Anal. Biochem. 234: 23–26.

  • Braunwalder AF, Yarwood DR, Sills MA and Lipson KE. . 1996 Anal. Biochem. 238: 159–164.

  • Bridges AJ. . 1999 Curr. Med. Chem. 6: 825–843.

  • Bridges AJ, Zhou H, Cody DR, Rewcastle GW, McMichael A, Showalter HD, Fry DW, Kraker AJ and Denny WA. . 1996 J. Med. Chem. 39: 267–276.

  • Buchdunger E, Zimmerman J, Mett H, Meyer T, Mueller M, Druker BJ and Lydon NB. . 1996 Cancer Res. 56: 100–104.

  • Buchdunger E, Zimmerman J, Mett H, Meyer T, Mueller M, Regenass U and Lydon NB. . 1995 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 2558–2562.

  • Burke TR, Smyth MS, Nomizu M, Otaka A and Roller PP. . 1993 J. Organic Chem. 58: 1336–1340.

  • Cassinelli G, Lanzi C, Pensa T, Gambetta RA, Nasini G, Cuccuru G, Cassinis M, Pratesi G, Polizzi D, Tortoreto M and Zunino F. . 2000 Biochem. Pharmacol. 59: 1539–1547.

  • Chen C-L, Levine A, Rao A, O'Neill K, Messinger C, Myers DE, Goldman F, Hurvitz C, Casper JT and Uckun FM. . 1999 J. Clin. Pharmacol. 39: 1248–1255.

  • Ciardiello F, Caputo R, Bianco R, Damiano V, Pomatico G, DePlacido S, Bianco AR and Tortora G. . 2000 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. (abstract) 41: 3075.

  • Cohen P. . 1999 Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 3: 459–465.

  • Cook PW, Pittelkow MR, Keeble WW, Graves-Deal R, Coffey R and Shipley GD. . 1992 Cancer Res. 52: 3225–3227.

  • Demidem A, Lam T, Alas S, Hariharan K, Hanna N and Bonavida B. . 1997 Cancer Biother. Radiopharmaceut. 12: 177–186.

  • Druker BJ and Lydon NB. . 2000 J. Clinical Invest. 105: 3–7.

  • Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E, Ohno S, Segal GM, Fanning S, Zimmermann J and Lydon NB. . 1996 Nature Medicine 2: 561–566.

  • Dvir A, Milner Y, Chomsky O, Gilon C, Gazit A and Levitzki A. . 1991 J. Cell Biol. 113: 857–865.

  • Eckhardt SG, Rizzo J, Sweeney K, Cropp G, Baker S, Kraynak M, Kuhn J, Villalona-Calero M, Hammond L, Weiss G, Thurman A, Smith L, Drengler R, Eckhardt J, Moczygemba J, Hannah A, Von Hoff D and Rowinsky D. . 1999 J. Clin. Oncol. 17: 1095–1104.

  • Elder JT, Fisher GJ, Lindquist PB, Bennett GL, Pittelkow MR, Coffey RJ, Ellingsworth L, Derynck R and Voorhees JJ. . 1989 Science 243: 811–814.

  • Feramisco J and Krebs EG. . 1978 J. Biol. Chem. 253: 8968–8971.

  • Ferry DR, Smith A, Malkhandi J, Fyfe DW, deTakats PG, Anderson D, Baker J and Kerr DJ. . 1996 Clin. Cancer Res. 2: 659–668.

  • Floyd CD, Leblanc C and Wittaker M. . 1999 Prog. Med. Chem. 36: 91–168.

  • Fong TA, Shawver LK, Sun L, Tang C, App H, Powell TJ, Kim YH, Schreck R, Wang X, Risau W, Ullrich A, Hirth KP and McMahon G. . 1999 Cancer Res. 59: 99–106.

  • Fry DW. . 1996 Annul. Rep. Med. Chem. 31: 151–160.

  • Fry DW, McMichael A, Singh J, Dorusin EM and McNamara DJ. . 1994 Peptides 15: 951–957.

  • Garcia P, Shoelson SE, George ST, Hinds DA, Goldberg AR and Miller T. . 1993 J. Biol. Chem. 268: 25146–25151.

  • Gazit A, Osheron N, Gilon C and Levitzki A. . 1996 J. Med. Chem. 39: 4905–4911.

  • Glossmann H, Presek P and Eigenbrodt E. . 1981 Arch. Pharmacol. 317: 100–102.

  • Golub TR, Barker GR, Lovett M and Gilliland DG. . 1994 Cell 77: 307–316.

  • Hashimoto K and Yoshikawa K. . 1992 J. Dermatol. (Tokyo) 19: 648–653.

  • Hubbard SR, Wei L, Ellis L and Hendrickson WA. . 1994 Nature 372: 746–754.

  • Hunter T. . 1997 Cell 88: 333–346.

  • Iwata K, Miller PE, Barbacci EG, Arnold L, Doty J, DiOrio CI, Pustilnik LR, Reynolds M, Thelemann A, Sloan D and Moyer JD. . 1997 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 38: 633 (Abstract #4248).

  • Kase H, Iwahashi K, Nakanishi S, Matsuda Y, Yamada K, Takahashi M, Murakata C, Sato A and Kaneko M. . 1987 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 142: 436–440.

  • Klohs DW, Fry DW and Kraker AJ. . 1997 Curr. Opin. Oncol. 9: 562–568.

  • Kolibaba KS and Druker BJ. . 1997 Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1333: F217–F248.

  • Lam KS, Wu J and Lou Q. . 1995 Int. J. Pept. Protein Res. 45: 587–592.

  • Lam KS. . 1997 Anti-Cancer Drug Design 12: 145–167.

  • Lee TR and Lawrence DS. . 2000 J. Med. Chem. 43: 1173–1179.

  • Lei W, Mayotte EJ and Levitt LM. . 1999 Anticancer Res. 19: 221–228.

  • Levitzki A. . 1999 Pharmacol. Ther. 82: 231–239.

  • Levitzki A and Gazit A. . 1995 Science 267: 1782–1788.

  • Losiewicz DM, Kaur G and Sausville AE. . 1999 Biochem. Pharmacol. 57: 281–289.

  • Lou Q, Leftwich M and Lam KS. . 1996 Bioorg. Med. Chem. 4: 677–682.

  • Lou Q, Leftwitch M, McKay RT, Salmon SE, Rychestsky L and Kam KS. . 1997 Cancer Res. 57: 1877–1881.

  • Lowe C, Yoneda T, Boyce BF, Chen H, Mundy GR and Soriano P. . 1993 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 4485–4489.

  • Lunney EA, Para KS, Plummer MS, Prasad JVNV, Saltiel AR, Sawyer T and Shahripour A. . 1997a PCT Intl. Patent W097/12903.

  • Lunney EA, Para KS, Rubin JR, Humblet C, Fergus JH, Marks JS and Sawyer TK. . 1997b J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119: 12471–12476.

  • Lydon NB, Mett H, Mueller M, Becker M, Cozens RM, Stover D, Daniels D, Traxler P and Buchdunger E. . 1998 Int. J. Cancer 76: 154–163.

  • Mcleod HL, Brunton VG, Eckardt N, Lear MJ, Robins DJ, Workman P and Graham MA. . 1996 Br. J. Cancer 74: 1714–1718.

  • Mendelsohn J. . 1997 Clin. Cancer Res. 12: (Pt 2) 2703–2707.

  • Milkiewicz KL, Marsilje TH, Woodworth RP, Bifulco Jr N, Hangauer M and Hangauer DG. . 2000 ACS National Meeting: Washington, DC pp MEDI 51.

  • Millauer B, Longhi MP, Plate KH, Shawver LK, Risau W, Ullrich A and Strawn LM. . 1996 Cancer Res. 56: 1615–1620.

  • Mohammadi M, McMahon G, Sun L, Tang C, Hirth KP, Yeh BK, Hubbard SR and Schlessinger J. . 1997 Science 276: 955–960.

  • Mohammadi M, Schlessinger J and Hubbard SR. . 1996 Cell 86: 577–587.

  • Niu J and Lawrence DS. . 1997a J. Biol. Chem. 272: 1493–1499.

  • Niu J and Lawrence DS. . 1997b J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119: 3844–3845.

  • O'Donnell A, Trigo J, Walker R, Etterley L, Wolf L, Raynaud F, Padhani A, Hannah AL, Langecker P and Judson I. . 1999 Eur. J. Cancer 35: S282–S283.

  • Onoda T, Linuma H and Sasaki Y. . 1989 J. Nat. Products 52: 1252–1257.

  • Palmer BD, Rewcastle GW, Thomson AM, Boyd M, Showalter HDH, Sercel AD, Fry DW, Kraker AJ and Denny WA. . 1995 J. Med. Chem. 38: 58–67.

  • Palmer BD, Trummp-Kallmeyer S, Fry DW, Nelson JM, Showalter HDH and Denny WA. . 1997 J. Med. Chem. 40: 1519–1529.

  • Parker YW, Cummings RT and Hermes JD. . 1997 Presented at the 3rd Annual Conference for the Society for Biomolecular Screening, San Diego, CA (abstract).

  • Patarca R. . 1996 Crit. Rev. Oncog. 7: 343–432.

  • Pegram M, Hsu S, Lewis G, Pietras R, Beryt M, Sliwkowski M, Coombs D, Baly D, Kabbinavar F and Slamon D. . 1999 Oncogene 18: 2241–2251.

  • Petrakis and Nagabhushan KS. . 1987 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109: 2831–2833.

  • Pietras RJ, Pegram MD, Finn RS, Maneval DA, Slamon DJ. . 1998 Oncogene 17: 2235–2249.

  • Posner I, Engel M, Gazit A and Levitzki A. . 1994 Mol. Pharmacol. 45: 673–683.

  • Powell TJ, Ben-Bassat H, Klein BY, Chen H, Shenoy N, McCollough J, Narog B, Gazit A, Hartzstark Z, Chaouat M, Levitzki R, Tang C, McMahon J, Shawver L and Levitxki A. . 1999 Br. J. Dermatol. 141: 802–810.

  • Rabbitts TH. . 1994 Nature 372: 143–149.

  • Rewcastle GW, Murray DK, Elliott WL, Fry DW, Howard CT, Nelson JM, Roberts BJ, Vincent PW, Showalter HDH, Winters RT and Denny WA. . 1998 J. Med. Chem. 41: 742–751.

  • Rewcastle GW, Palmer BD, Bridges AJ, Showalter HDH, Sun L, Nelson J, McMichael A, Kraker AJ, Fry DW and Denny WA. . 1996 J. Med. Chem. 39: 918–928.

  • Rice AB, Moomaw CR, Morgan DL and Bonner JC. . 1999 Am. J. Pathol. 155: 213–221.

  • Robinson D, He F, Pretlow TG and Kung HJ. . 1996 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 5958–5962.

  • Ross R. . 1993 Nature 362: 801–809.

  • Ruggeri BA, Miknyoczki SJ, Singh J and Hudkins RL. . 1999 Curr. Med. Chem. 6: 845–857.

  • Ruggeri UT and Burgess GM. . 1989 Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 10: 218–220.

  • Sausville AE, Lush DR, Headlee D, Smith CA, Figureg DW, Arbuck GS, Senderowicz MA, Fuse E, Tanii H, Kuwabara T and Kobayashi S. . 1998 Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 42: S54–S59.

  • Sawyer TK. . 1998 Biopolymers 47: 243–261.

  • Schmidt L, Duh FM, Chen F, Kishida T, Glenn G, Choyke P, Scherer SW, Zhuang Z, Lubenshky I, Dean M, Allikmets R, Chidambaram A, Bergerheim UR, Feltis JT, Casadevall C, Zamarron A, Bernues M, Richard S, Lips CJ, Walther MM, Tsui LC, Geil L, Orcutt ML, Stackhouse T and Zbar B. . 1997 Nature Genetics 16: 68–73.

  • Schmitz R, Baumann G and Gram H. . 1996 J. Mol. Biol. 260: 664–677.

  • Seethala R and Menzel R. . 1997 Anal. Biochem. 253: 210–218.

  • Shakespeare W, Yang M, Bohacek R, Cerasoli F, Stebbins K, Sundaramoorthi R, Azimioara M, Vu C, Pradeepan S, Metcalf III C, Haraldson C, Merry T, Dalgarno D, Narula S, Hatada M, Lu X, van Schravendijk MR, Adams S, Violette S, Smith J, Guan W, Bartlett C, Herson J, Luliucci J, Weigele M and Sawyer T. . 2000 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 9373–9378.

  • Showalter HD, Sercel AD, Leja BM, Wolfangel CD, Ambroso LA, Elliott WL, Fry DW, Kraker AJ, Howard CT, Lu GH, Moore CW, Nelson JM, Roberts BJ, Vincent PW, Denny WA and Thomson AM. . 1997 J. Med. Chem. 40: 413–426.

  • Sicheri F, Moarefi I and Kuriyan J. . 1997 Nature 385: 602–609.

  • Smaill JB, Palmer BD, Rewcastle GW, Denny WA, McNamara DJ, Dobrusin EM, Bridges AJ, Zhou H, Showalter HDH, Winters RT, Leopold WR, Fry DW, Nelson JM, Slintak V, Elliot WL, Roberts BJ, Vincent PW and Patmore SJ. . 1999 J. Med. Chem. 42: 1803–1815.

  • Songyang Z, Carraway KL, Eck MJ, Harrison SC, Foldman RA, Mohammadl M, Schlessinger J, Hubbard SR, Smith DP, Eng C, Lorenzo MJ, Ponder BAJ, Mayer BJ and Cantley LC. . 1995 Nature 373: 534–539.

  • Soriano P, Montgomery C, Geske R and Bradley A. . 1991 Cell 64: 693–702.

  • Stahura FL, Xue L, Godden JW and Bajorath J. . 1999 J. Mol. Graph. 17: 1–11.

  • Stebbing J, Copson E and O'Reilly S. . 2000 Cancer Treat. Rev. 287–290.

  • Strawn LM, McMahon G, App H, Schreck R, Kuchler WR, Longhi MP, Hui TH, Tang C, Levitzki A, Gazit A, Chen I, Keri G, Orfi L, Risau W, Flamme I, Ullrich A, Hirth KP and Shawver LK. . 1996 Cancer Res. 56: 3540–3545.

  • Sun L and McMahon G. . 2000 Drug Discov. Today 5: 344–353.

  • Sun L, Tran N, Liang C, Hubbard S, Tang F, Lipson K, Schreck R, Zhou Y, McMahon G and Tang C. . 2000 J. Med. Chem. 43: 2655–2663.

  • Sun L, Tran N, Tang F, App H, Hirth P, McMahon G and Tang C. . 1998 J. Med. Chem. 41: 2588–2603.

  • Theodorescu D, Laderoute RK, Calaoagan MJ and Gulding MK. . 1999 Int. J. Cancer 78: 775–782.

  • Toledo LM, Lydon NB and Elbaum D. . 1999 Curr. Med. Chem. 6: 775–805.

  • Traxler P, Furet P, Mett H, Buchdunger E, Meyer T and Lydon N. . 1996 J. Med. Chem. 38: 2285–2292.

  • Traxler P, Green J, Mett H, Sequin U and Furet P. . 1999 J. Med. Chem. 42: 1018–1026.

  • Twaddle GM, Turbov J, Liu N and Murphy S. . 1999 J. Surg. Oncol. 70: 83–90.

  • Uckun FM, Messinger Y, Chen C-L, O'Neill K, Myers DE, Goldman F, Hurvitz C, Casper TJ and Levin A. . 1999 Clin. Cancer Res. 5: 3906–3913.

  • Umezawa H, Imoto M and Sawa T. . 1986 J. Antibiot. 39: 170–173.

  • Van Heyningen V. . 1994 Nature 367: 319–320.

  • Vincent PW, Patmore SJ, Atkinson BD, Bridges AJ, Kirkish LS, Dudeck RC, Leopold WR, Zhou H and Elliott WL. . 1999 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 40: pp 117 (Abstract #776).

  • Walsh D and Glass DB. . 1991 Methods Enzymol. 201: 304–316.

  • Wang WL, Healy ME, Sattler M, Verma S, Lin J, Maulik G, Stiles CD, Griffin JD, Johnson BE and Salgia R. . 2000 Oncogene 19: 3521–3528.

  • Ward WH, Cook PN, Slater AM, Davies DH, Holdgate GA and Green LR. . 1994 Biochem. Pharmacol. 48: 659–666.

  • Wen X, Li C, Wu Q-P, Charnsagavej C, Wallace S, Mendelsohn J and Fan Z. . 2000 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 41: (abstract) 2052.

  • Woodburn JR, Barker AJ, Gibson KH, Ashton SE, Wakeling AE, Curry BJ, Scarlett L and Henthorn LR. . 1997 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 38: (Abstract #4251), pp 633.

  • Woodburn JR, Kendrew J, Fennell M and Wakeling AE. . 2000 Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 41: (abstract) 2552.

  • Wu JJ, Phan H, Salmon SE and Lam KS. . 1996 Letters in Peptide Science 3: 309–316.

  • Wu JJ, Afar DEH, Salmon SE, Phan H, Witte ON and Lam KS. . 1997 Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. Proc. 38: 443.

  • Wu JJ, Phan H and Lam KS. . 1998 Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 8: 2279–2284.

  • Xu W, Harrison SC and Eck MJ. . 1997 Nature 385: 595–601.

  • Xu X, Williams JW, Gong H, Finnegan A and Chong AS. . 1996 Biochem. Pharmacol. 52: 527–534.

  • Ye F, Boshcelli DH, Wang D, Wu B, Zhang N, Powell DW, Wissner A and Boschelli F. . 2000 ACS National Meeting: Washington DC pp MEDI 52.

  • Yuan CJ, Jakes S, Elliot S and Graves DJ. . 1990 J. Biol. Chem. 265: 16205–16209.

  • Zhang F, Strand A, Robbins D, Cobb MH and Goldsmith EJ. . 1994 Nature 367: 704–711.

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by NSF grant MCB9728399.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Al-Obeidi, F., Lam, K. Development of inhibitors for protein tyrosine kinases. Oncogene 19, 5690–5701 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203926

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203926

Keywords

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links