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  • Perspective
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Nonlinear Hall effects

Nature Reviews Physics volume 3, pages 744–752 (2021)Cite this article

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Abstract

The Hall effects comprise one of the oldest but most vital fields in condensed matter physics, and they persistently inspire new findings, such as quantum Hall effects and topological phases of matter. The recently discovered nonlinear Hall effect is a new member of the family of Hall effects. It is characterized as a transverse Hall voltage in response to two longitudinal currents in the Hall measurement, but it does not require time-reversal symmetry to be broken. It has deep connections to symmetry and topology and, thus, opens new avenues by which to probe the spectral, symmetry and topological properties of emergent quantum materials and phases of matter. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the recent progress regarding the nonlinear Hall effect. We discuss the open problems, the prospects of the use of the nonlinear Hall effect in spectroscopic and device applications, and generalizations to other nonlinear transport effects.

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Fig. 1: The nonlinear Hall effect and its generalizations.
Fig. 2: Experimental studies of the nonlinear Hall effect in WTe2.
Fig. 3: Known mechanisms of the nonlinear Hall effect.
Fig. 4: Device applications of the nonlinear Hall effect.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the helpful discussions with Huimei Liu, Suyang Xu, Hyunsoo Yang, Zhi-Min Liao, Kin Fai Mak, Ning Wang, Zefei Wu, Meizhen Huang, Tse-Ming Chen, Silke Paschen, Sami Dzsaber, A. Kiswandhi, Archana Tiwari and A. W. Tsen. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12004157 and 11925402), the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB921102), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB28000000), Guangdong Province (2020KCXTD001 and 2016ZT06D348), Shenzhen High-level Special Fund (G02206304 and G02206404) and the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (ZDSYS20170303165926217, JCYJ20170412152620376 and KYTDPT20181011104202253).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China

    Z. Z. Du & Hai-Zhou Lu

  2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Shenzhen, China

    Z. Z. Du & Hai-Zhou Lu

  3. International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China

    X. C. Xie

  4. CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    X. C. Xie

  5. Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China

    X. C. Xie

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  1. Z. Z. Du
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  2. Hai-Zhou Lu
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  3. X. C. Xie
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All the authors contributed to the preparation of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hai-Zhou Lu.

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Nature Reviews Physics thanks Kam Tuen Law, Dimitrie Culcer and the other, anonymous, reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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Du, Z.Z., Lu, HZ. & Xie, X.C. Nonlinear Hall effects. Nat Rev Phys 3, 744–752 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00359-6

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