Correction to: Nature Reviews Neurology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-023-00881-4, published online 19 October 2023.

In the version of the article originally published, there was an error in the third paragraph of the “T cell-mediated immune response” section, where the sentence now reading “Indeed, endothelial cell-specific ablation of two MHC class I molecules by conditional knockout in Cdh5-expressing cells (endothelial cells) rescues infected mice from death” previously said “knockout of Cdh5 rescues”. This has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.