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Lipid droplets in pathogen infection and host immunity

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica volume 45, pages 449–464 (2024)Cite this article

Abstract

As the hub of cellular lipid metabolism, lipid droplets (LDs) have been linked to a variety of biological processes. During pathogen infection, the biogenesis, composition, and functions of LDs are tightly regulated. The accumulation of LDs has been described as a hallmark of pathogen infection and is thought to be driven by pathogens for their own benefit. Recent studies have revealed that LDs and their subsequent lipid mediators contribute to effective immunological responses to pathogen infection by promoting host stress tolerance and reducing toxicity. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the intricate roles of LDs in governing the replication and assembly of a wide spectrum of pathogens within host cells. We also discuss the regulatory function of LDs in host immunity and highlight the potential for targeting LDs for the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

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Fig. 1: LDs at a glance.
Fig. 2: The roles of LDs in viral infections.
Fig. 3: The roles of LDs in bacterial infections.
Fig. 4: The role of LDs in the host immune response.

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Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem (22HHXBJC00001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32100948).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China

    Yan-jie Tan & Jun Zhou

  2. Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China

    Yi Jin

  3. State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China

    Jun Zhou

  4. Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China

    Yun-fan Yang

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  1. Yan-jie Tan
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Tan, Yj., Jin, Y., Zhou, J. et al. Lipid droplets in pathogen infection and host immunity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 45, 449–464 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-023-01189-1

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