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Acute spinal cord injury serum biomarkers in human and rat: a scoping systematic review

Spinal Cord Series and Cases volume 10, Article number: 21 (2024) Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Study design

Scoping systematic review.

Objectives

To summarize the available experimental clinical and animal studies for the identification of all CSF and serum-derived biochemical markers in human and rat SCI models.

Setting

Tehran, Iran.

Methods

In this scoping article, we systematically reviewed the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, WOS, and CENTRAL to retrieve current literature assessing the levels of different biomarkers in human and rat SCI models.

Results

A total of 19,589 articles were retrieved and 6897 duplicated titles were removed. The remaining 12,692 studies were screened by their title/abstract and 12,636 were removed. The remaining 56 were considered for full-text assessment, and 11 papers did not meet the criteria, and finally, 45 studies were included. 26 studies were human observational studies comprising 1630 patients, and 19 articles studied SCI models in rats, including 832 rats. Upon reviewing the literature, we encountered a remarkable heterogeneity in terms of selected biomarkers, timing, and method of measurement, studied models, extent, and mechanism of injury as well as outcome assessment measures.

Conclusions

The specific expression and distribution patterns of biomarkers in relation to spinal cord injury (SCI) phases, and their varied concentrations over time, suggest that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood biomarkers are effective measures for assessing the severity of SCI.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary files.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science for their help and support.

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Sina Shool, Saeed Rahmani, Mohammad Amin Habibi.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sina Shool, Saeed Rahmani, Mohammad Amin Habibi & Delara Jashnani

  2. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hassan-Abad Square, Imam Khomeini Ave, 11365-3876, Tehran, Iran

    Sina Shool, Mohammad Amin Habibi & Seyed Mohammad Piri

  3. Resident of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Saarbrücken, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Mahmoud Lotfinia

  4. Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Sina Asaadi

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Contributions

SS was responsible for: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; Writing - review & editing. SR was responsible for: Data curation; Roles/Writing - original draft; MAH was responsible for: Conceptualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; Writing - review & editing. SMP was responsible for: Data curation; Roles/Writing - original draft; ML was responsible for: Data curation; Roles/Writing - original draft; DJ was responsible for: Data curation; Roles/Writing - original draft; SA was responsible for: Conceptualization; Project administration; Resources; Supervision; Writing - review & editing.

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Correspondence to Sina Asaadi.

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The present study received the approval of the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with reference number No: IR.SBMU.RETECH.REC.1399.478.

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Shool, S., Rahmani, S., Habibi, M.A. et al. Acute spinal cord injury serum biomarkers in human and rat: a scoping systematic review. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 10, 21 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41394-024-00636-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41394-024-00636-3

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