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The role of nutritional interventions in the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease of prematurity

Pediatric Research (2024)Cite this article

Abstract

Chronic lung disease of prematurity or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication of preterm birth. Nutrition may affect incidence and severity of BPD. In this context, the Section on Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, the Pulmonary Section of the European Society for Paediatric Research (ESPR) and SPR have joined forces to review the current knowledge on nutritional issues related to BPD. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the clinical implications for nutritional practice. Nutrient deficiencies may influence pathogenesis of BPD. Adequate nutrition and growth can play a crucial role in the prevention of and recovery from BPD. Optimal nutrition strategy is an important principle, especially in the early postnatal period. As optimal energy intake in infants at risk of BPD or with evolving BPD is not yet defined, further research with well-designed studies on nutritional strategies for preterm infants with BPD is urgently needed.

Impact

  • Based on current evidence it seems reasonable to recommend that BPD diagnosed infants should receive an energy supply ranging from 120 to 150 Kcal/kg/d.

  • Exclusive MOM feed with adequate fortification should be encouraged as this is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of BPD.

  • Suboptimal nutritional delivery is often seen in preterm infants with BPD compared to controls.

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Funding

No financial assistance was received in support of the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neonatology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ (Universidad Autonoma), Madrid, Spain

    Miguel Saenz de Pipaon, Ana Sánchez & Miguel Saenz de Pipaon

  2. Comprehensive Center for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA

    Leif D. Nelin & Alison Gehred

  3. Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Ullevål, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Madelaine E. Rossholt, Sissel Moltu & Sissel J. Moltu

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands

    Chris Van den Akker & Anton H. van Kaam

  5. University Hospitals Dorset, Poole, UK

    Minesh Khashu

  6. National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Charles C. Roehr

  7. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Charles C. Roehr

  8. Division of Neonatology, Mother and Child Department, G. Salesi Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle, Ancona, Marche, Italy

    Virgilio Carnielli

  9. Department of Neonatology, APHP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, 4EHU 7328 PACT, Paris Cite University, Paris France, France, and CNRC, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Alexandre Lapillonne

  10. Hans Christian Andersen Children’s Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark

    Gitte Zachariassen

  11. Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern, 5000, Odense, Denmark

    Gitte Zachariassen

  12. Department of Neonatal Medicine, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK

    Mark J. Johnson

  13. NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Mark J. Johnson

  14. Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Christoph Fusch

  15. Department of Pediatrics, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical School, Nuremberg, Germany

    Christoph Fusch

  16. Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, CHU La Réunion, Saint Pierre, France

    Silvia Iacobelli

Authors
  1. Miguel Saenz de Pipaon
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  2. Leif D. Nelin
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  4. Madelaine E. Rossholt
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  8. Ana Sánchez
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  9. Minesh Khashu
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Consortia

on behalf of ESPR Nutrition council members

  • Miguel Saenz de Pipaon
  • , Alexandre Lapillonne
  • , Sissel J. Moltu
  • , Gitte Zachariassen
  • , Mark J. Johnson
  • , Christoph Fusch
  •  & Silvia Iacobelli

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Literature search performed in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and the Cochrane Library (http://www.cochranelibrary.com/) were performed by A.G. Each section was written by a separate author. Leif D. Nelin, Ana Sánchez, and Minesh Khashu provided important scientific contribution. Miguel Saenz de Pipaon drafted the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript. The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted. All the members of the ESPR Nutrition council members reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Miguel Saenz de Pipaon or Sissel Moltu.

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Saenz de Pipaon, M., Nelin, L.D., Gehred, A. et al. The role of nutritional interventions in the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease of prematurity. Pediatr Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03133-3

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