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Alterations of repeated sequences in 5′ upstream and coding regions in colorectal tumors from patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and Turcot syndrome

Abstract

One of the characteristics of tumors from patients with germline mutations of DNA mismatch repair genes is instability at microsatellite regions (MSI). We analysed alterations at repeated sequences of coding regions, as well as those of 5′ upstream regions, in 29 MSI-High colorectal tumors from patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and Turcot syndrome. We found that repeated sequences in 5′ upstream regions were altered in these tumors, at considerable frequencies. The (A)10 repeat in the promoter region (position −178−169) of the GAPDH gene was altered in 17% of the tumors. The (A)10(TA)9 in the 5′ upstream region (position −318−291) of the mitochondrial isoleucyl tRNA synthetase gene (IleRS-A), coded in nuclear DNA, was altered in 59% of the tumors, whereas (A)9 in the 5′ upstream region (position −859−851) of cytoplasmic isoleucyl tRNA synthetase gene (IleRS-B) was not altered. Alteration at repeated sequences in the coding regions were 72% at TGFβRII(A)10, 24% at IGFIIR(G)8, 45% at BAX(G)8, 55% at E2F4(CAG)13, 66% at caspase-5 (A)10, 31% at MBD4(A)10, 55% at hMSH3(A)8 and 34% at hMSH6(C)8. The number of altered genes increased with the advancement of carcinoma according to Dukes categories: mean numbers of altered genes within these 10 genes were 2.6 for Dukes A, 4.7 for Dukes B and 7.8 for Dukes C. The mean number for adenomas was 2.0. These results suggest that the MSI phenotype also causes alteration of 5′ upstream regions which may affect apoptosis and some mitochondrial functions in HNPCC and Turcot tumors, and that accumulation of altered genes with repeated sequences is associated with the progression of HNPCC and Turcot colorectal tumors.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the Project ‘High-Technology Research Center' from Ministry of Education, Science, Sport and Culture of Japan, and Smoking Research Foundation.

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Correspondence to Michiko Miyaki.

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Miyaki, M., Iijima, T., Shiba, K. et al. Alterations of repeated sequences in 5′ upstream and coding regions in colorectal tumors from patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and Turcot syndrome. Oncogene 20, 5215–5218 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204578

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