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  • Original Article
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Clinical Research

Arylsulfatase B (N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase): potential role as a biomarker in prostate cancer

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases volume 16, pages 277–284 (2013)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background:

The enzyme arylsulfatase B (ARSB; N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase) degrades chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S) and is reduced in malignant colonic and mammary tissues but has not previously been evaluated in prostate cancer.

Methods:

ARSB immunostaining was performed on two tissue microarrays (TMAs) and analyzed by digital image analysis, generating ARSB H-scores for prevalence and intensity of epithelial, stromal and combined epithelial and stromal immunostaining. Also, paired malignant and normal prostate tissues were analyzed for ARSB activity, C4S, total sulfated glycosaminoglycans and versican content. The quantities of C4S and of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that co-immunoprecipitated with versican were determined in the normal and malignant paired prostate tissues.

Results:

Forty-four cases of prostate cancer were paired by age (±5 years), race, Gleason score (in order) and pathological TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) score. The pairs differed by recurrence vs non-recurrence of elevated PSA at ⩾4 years. When TMA cores were analyzed for ARSB H-score, 18 of the 22 pairs had lower ARSB H-scores in the recurrent member of the pair, whereas higher initial PSA values were associated with recurrence in only 65% of the paired cases. In a second TMA, Gleason scores 6 and 7 were associated with higher ARSB H-scores than Gleason scores 8 and 9 for stroma, epithelium and stroma and epithelium combined (P=0.052, P=0.015, P<0.0001, respectively) and were inversely correlated (r=−0.98, −0.97 and −0.99, respectively). In other paired normal and malignant prostate tissues, ARSB activity was significantly higher in the normal tissues, and C4S and versican values were lower (P<0.0001). C4S that co-immunoprecipitated with versican was greater in the malignant than in the normal tissue, whereas total EGFR that co-immunoprecipitated with versican was reduced.

Conclusions:

Study findings suggest that ARSB may be useful as a prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer and that the biological action of ARSB on chondroitin sulfate may impact upon versican’s effects in the tumor microenvironment.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the contributions of Andrew Hall, Virgilia Macias, and Klara Valyi-Nagy to the procurement and immunostaining of prostate tissues. Funding was by VA Merit Review and UIC CCTS ULI RR029879 pilot award to JKT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    L Feferman, S Bhattacharyya & J K Tobacman

  2. Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    L Feferman, S Bhattacharyya & J K Tobacman

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    R Deaton, P Gann, G Guzman & A Kajdacsy-Balla

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  1. L Feferman
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  2. S Bhattacharyya
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Correspondence to J K Tobacman.

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Feferman, L., Bhattacharyya, S., Deaton, R. et al. Arylsulfatase B (N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase): potential role as a biomarker in prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 16, 277–284 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2013.18

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