This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Hebra, F.K. Gesellsch, K. Ärzte Wien 1, 43 (1845).
Cazanave, P.L. & Chausit, M., Ann. Malad. Peau Syph. 3, 297–299 (1851).
Cotran, R.S., Kumar, V. & Robbins, S.L., Basis of Disease. (W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1994).
Theofilopoulos, A.N. & Dixon, F.J. Adv. Immunol. 37,269 (1985).
Walport, M.J. & Morgan, B.P. Immunol. Today 12, 301–306 (1991).
Agnello, V. Arthritis Rheum. 21, 146 (1978).
Fearon, D.T. & Carter, R.H. Rev. Immunol. 13, 127–149 (1995).
Carroll, M.C., Ann. Rev. Immunol. 16, 545–568 (1998).
Reid, K.B.M. & Porter, R.R., Ann. Rev. Biochem. 50, 433–464(1981).
Reid, K. & Turner, M., Semin. Immunopathol. 15, 307–326 (1994).
Clynes, R., Dumitru, C. & Ravetch, J.V. Science 279, 1052–1054 (1998).
Casciola-Rosen, L.A., Anhalt, G. & Rosen, A.J. Exp. Med. 179, 1317–1330 (1994).
Nelson, R.A.J. Science 118, 733 (1953).
Korb, L.C. & Ahearn, J.M. J. Immunol. 158, 4525–4528 (1997).
Hartley, S.B. et al. Nature 353, 765–769 (1991).
Nemazee, D. & Buerki, K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 8039–8043 (1989).
Erikson, J. et al. Nature 349, 331–334 (1991).
Goodnow, C.C. Proc. Natl.Acad. Sci. USA 93, 2264–2271 (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Carroll, M. The lupus paradox. Nat Genet 19, 3–4 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0598-3
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0598-3
This article is cited by
-
Low C4A copy numbers and higher HERV gene insertion contributes to increased risk of SLE, with absence of association with disease phenotype and disease activity
Immunologic Research (2024)
-
Complement in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatic disease
Nature Reviews Rheumatology (2012)
-
Autoimmunity: Homeostasis of Innate Immunity Gone Awry
Journal of Clinical Immunology (2012)
-
DNase1 exon2 analysis in Tunisian patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren syndrome and healthy subjects
Rheumatology International (2009)
-
Nature and functions of autoantibodies
Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology (2008)