Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung von Figurunzufriedenheit, Diätverhalten und körperlicher Aktivität bei Jungen und Mädchen. 68 Schulkindern im Alter von 9 bis 10 Jahren (36 Jungen, 32 Mädchen) wurde eine Körperumriss-Skala mit der Bitte vorgelegt, die tatsächliche und die gewünschte Körperform zu kennzeichnen. Weitere Fragebögen erfassten das Diätverhalten und die vom Kind wahrgenommene Einstellung der Eltern zu Körperbild und Diät. Körpergröße und Körpergewicht wurden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie erhoben und zur Berechnung des Body Mass Index (BMI) verwendet. Körperliche Aktivität wurde mit einem über sieben Tage auszufüllenden Tagebuch erhoben. 44 % der Jungen und 34 % der Mädchen hatten den Wunsch, dünner sein zu wollen. Multiple Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass die Figurunzufriedenheit am besten vom BMI des Kindes, dem durch das Kind wahrgenommenen Übergewicht der Mutter und Essverhaltensweisen vorhergesagt wurde, die auf einen gezügelten Essstil schließen lassen. Es ist besorgniserregend, dass der Prozentsatz von Kindern, die dünner sein wollen, weit über dem der tatsächlich übergewichtigen Kinder (13 %) liegt.
Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate body dissatisfaction and eating attitudes and the moderating role of gender, parental influences, body-mass index (BMI), and physical activity in 9 - 10-year-old children. Sixty-eight 9 - 10-year-old children (36 boys, 32 girls) were asked to indicate their perceived and ideal body size using the figure drawing scale of Childress et al. (1993). Physical activity levels were assessed with a diary method over 7 consecutive days. Questionnaires were used to collect information on children's eating habits and children's perception of parental weight, parental attitudes towards body size, and eating habits. Children's weight and height were measured and the BMI calculated. 44 % of boys and 34 % of girls wanted to be thinner than they perceived themselves to be. Multiple regression analyses indicated that this desire was predicted by children's BMI, perceived overweight of mother, and eating patterns indicating restraint eating style. Given that only 13 % were overweight, the percentage of children wanting to be thinner is of concern. The current results indicate that there may be an increasing trend for a thinner body ideal in boys compared to previous reports.
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