Die Erhebung von kommunikativ-pragmatischen Fähigkeiten und Lebensqualität nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma
Scoping Review
Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Hintergrund: Kommunikationsstörungen nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) können die Betroffenen langfristig in der sozialen Teilhabe und damit in der Lebensqualität (LQ) beeinträchtigen. Der Erfassung dieser Störungen liegt aktuell kein einheitliches Vorgehen zugrunde. Ziele: Ziel des vorliegenden Scoping Reviews war die Erfassung von Diagnostikverfahren, welche die kommunikativ-pragmatischen Kompetenzen und die Auswirkung möglicher kommunikativer Defizite auf soziale Teilhabe und LQ bei Menschen mit SHT überprüfen. Ergebnisse: Eine systematische Datenbankrecherche für den Veröffentlichungszeitraum 2010 bis 2020 identifizierte 14 relevante Testverfahren (6 auf Deutsch verfügbar). Eine inhaltliche und methodische Analyse stellte Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Kommunikationsfähigkeit (z. B. La Trobe Communication Questionnaire [LCQ]) und Verfahren zur Erfassung von Partizipation und LQ (z. B. Quality of Life after Brain Injury [QOLIBRI]) heraus. Zusammenfassung: Trotz der hohen Auftretenshäufigkeit und Persistenz kommunikativer Störungen nach SHT stehen im deutschsprachigen Raum bislang wenige geeignete Diagnostikverfahren zur Ermittlung von Kommunikationsfähigkeiten und LQ zur Verfügung. Eine weiterführende Entwicklung erscheint unerlässlich.
Abstract.Background: Communication disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI) play a crucial role in successful participation and are therefore closely associated with quality of life (QoL). To this day, however, these disorders have hardly been taken into account in diagnostic procedures. Aims: This scoping review serves to identify diagnostic tools that assess the communicative and pragmatic skills of people with TBI and take into account the impact of communicative-pragmatic competence on social participation and QoL. Results: After a systematic research of databases for the publication period 2010–2020, we included 14 diagnostic tools (6 of which are available in German). An analysis of both content and method yielded tools for assessing communication skills (e. g., LCQ) and evaluating social participation and QoL (e. g., QOLIBRI). Conclusion: Although communicative disorders are frequent and persistent in TBI patients, there is presently a lack of diagnostic tools in the German-speaking countries. Further development seems crucial.
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