Abstract
Zusammenfassung: Eine Apraxie ist häufig Folge einer linkshemisphärischen Hirnschädigung oder einer Demenz. Die zuverlässige Diagnose einer Apraxie ist u. a. als Voraussetzung für eine effektive Therapie der Störung erforderlich. Der Berliner-Apraxie-Test (BAXT) wurde für die Diagnose einer buccofacialen, einer ideomotorischen Gliedmaßenapraxie und einer ideatorischen Apraxie konstruiert. Ziel der vorgestellten Arbeit war die Identifikation valider und reliabler Items für den BAXT. In einer Gruppe von 60 Schlaganfallpatienten für die ideomotorischen Aufgaben (Studie 1) und 12 Patienten mit Alzheimer-Erkrankung für die ideatorischen Aufgaben (Studie 2) wurde die Kennwerte (Inter-Rater-Reliabilität, Schwierigkeit, Trennschärfe und Kriteriumsvalidität) der Aufgaben bestimmt. Die Anordnung der selektierten Testaufgaben erfolgte in aufsteigender Schwierigkeit unter Berücksichtigung einer möglichst geringer Interkorrelation der Items. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine ausreichende Itemgüte (N = 44) der Testendform des BAXT zur Erfassung ideomotorisch-apraktischer Phänomene bei Schlaganfallpatienten hin. Ersten Analysen in einer Population von 12 Patienten mit Alzheimer-Erkrankung ergaben Hinweise dass die Diagnose einer ideatorischen Apraxie basierend auf den 10 ausgewählten Testaufgaben möglich ist.
Abstract: Apraxia occurs frequently after left hemispheric brain damage or with dementia. A valid diagnosis of apraxia is a prerequisite of both counseling and therapy. The Berlin Apraxia Test (BAXT) has constructed for the clinical evaluation of buccofacial and limb ideomotor apraxia as well as ideational apraxia. The aim of this project was to identify reliable and valid items for the assessment of apraxia. The study population consisted of 60 stroke patients (Study 1) for the assessment of ideomotor apraxia and 12 patients with Alzheimer's disease (Study 2) for the assessment of ideational apraxia. Item analysis included interrater reliability, item difficulty, item-subtest correlation and item validity. For the final version of the BAXT, selected items were ordered with increasing item difficulty and low item intercorrelation. The BAXT includes 44 valid and reliable items for the assessment of buccofacial and limb ideomotor apraxis (Study 1). In addition, ten items are suitable for the assessment of ideational apraxia (Study 2).
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