Abstract
Genetic resistance of native Egyptian breeds to very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was investigated in two experiments. In the first experiment, birds from four breeds (Gimmizah, Sina, Dandrawi and Mandarah) were challenged with vvIBDV. The Mandarah chickens had the lowest mortalities (10%) compared to the Gimmizah, Sina and Dandrawi chickens (55%, 35% and 55%, respectively). Antibody response, lymphocyte response to mitogen, and bursal lesions did not clearly correlate with the mortality rates. In the second experiment, the four chicken breeds were challenged with virulent NDV. The Mandarah chickens re-emerged as a resistant breed (20% mortality), while the Sina, Dandrawi and Gimmizah breeds were highly susceptible (85%, 100% and 100% mortality, respectively). Further studies on the resistance mechanism are warranted.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Abd El-Gawad, E., 1981. The ‘Mandarah’ a new breed of chickens. Egyptian Poultry Science, 1, 16-22
Alexander, J.D., 1997. Newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviridae infections. In: B.W. Calnek et al. (eds), Diseases of Poultry, 10th edn, (Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA), 541-570
Bessei, W., 1989. Preservation of local poultry stocks. In: Genotype × Environment Interactions in Poultry Production, Report of a meeting, Jouy-en-Josas, France, May 1989, Colloques de l'INRA, No. 50, 175-188
Bumstead, N., 1998. Genetic resistance to avian viruses. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'Office International des Epizooties, 17, 249-255
Bumstead, N., Reece, R.L. and Cook, J.K.A., 1993. Genetic differences in susceptibility of chicken lines to infectious bursal disease virus. Poultry Science, 72, 403-410
Carpenter, C.R., Arnold, S.R. and Bose, H.R. Jr, 1978. Suppression of mitogens-stimulated blastogenic response during reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced tumorigenesis: investigation into the mechanism of action of the suppressor. Journal of Immunology, 120, 1313-1320
Cole, R.K. and Hutt, F.B., 1961. Genetic differences in resistance to Newcastle disease. Avian Diseases, 5, 205-214
Confer, A.W., Springer, W.T., Shane, S.M. and Donovan, J.F., 1981. Sequential mitogen stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens inoculated with infectious bursal disease virus. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 42, 2109-2113
Gärn, H., Krause, H., Enzymann, V. and DroBler, K., 1994. An improved MTT assay using electron coupling agent menadione. Journal of Immunological Methods, 168, 253-256
Gupta, M.K., Chauhan, H.V., Jha, G.J. and Singh, K.K., 1989. The role of the reticuloendothelial system in the immunopathology of Marek's disease. Veterinary Microbiology, 20, 223-234
Hassan, M.K., Afifi, M. and Aly, M.M., 2002. Susceptibility of vaccinated and unvaccinated Egyptian chickens to very virulent infectious bursal disease. Avian Pathology, 31, 149-156
Kitalyi, A.J., 1998. Village Chicken Production Systems in Rural Africa, (Animal Production and Health paper no. 142, FAO, Rome)
Lee, F.L., 1984. Proliferation response of chicken T and B lymphocytes to mitogens. Chemical regulation of immunity. Veterinary Medicine, 15, 44-52
Lucio, B. and Hitchner, S.B., 1979. Infectious bursal disease emulsified vaccine: effect upon neutralizing-antibody levels in the dam and subsequent protection of the progeny. Avian Diseases, 23, 466-478
Lukert, P.D. and Saif, Y.M., 1997. Infectious bursal disease. In: B.W. Calnek et al. (eds), Diseases of Poultry, 10th edn, (Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA), 721-738
Mohanty, G., 1987. Poultry Health Programme for Rural Poultry Development, (FAO Expert Consultation on rural poultry development in Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh), 23-28
Sonaiya, E.B., 1990. Poultry husbandry in small rural farms. Entwicklung und Landlicher Raum, 4, 3-6
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hassan, M., Afify, M. & Aly, M. Genetic Resistance of Egyptian Chickens to Infectious Bursal Disease and Newcastle Disease. Tropical Animal Health and Production 36, 1–9 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TROP.0000009524.47913.d4
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TROP.0000009524.47913.d4