Abstract
Mitochondria are the proximate target of a number of different neurotoxins. Typically, impairing of the key bioenergetic function of mitochondria by toxins is considered as the main mechanism of action. However, the effective maintenance of energy generation in neurons depends on the biogenesis, trafficking, and degradation of mitochondria in addition to the traditional bioenergetic functions. We have recently demonstrated that glutamate alters both the trafficking and morphology of mitochondria in primary neurons. In addition, several other potential neurotoxins, including nitric oxide and zinc, inhibit mitochondrial movement and, in some cases, alter morphology too. This suggests that some part of the action of neurotoxins might include the impairment of mitochondrial trafficking in neurons, with the resultant failure of local ATP delivery.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Beal, M. F., Hyman, B. T., and Koroshetz, W. (1993) Trends Neurosci. 16, 125–131.
Betarbet, R., Sherer T. B., Mackenzie, G., Garcia-Osuna, M., Panov, A. V., and Greenamyre, J. T. (2000) Nat. Neurosci. 3, 1301–1306.
Brorson, J. R., Zhang, Z. H., and Vandenberghe, W. (1999) J. Neurosci. 19, 9149–9159.
Brown, G. C. (1999) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Bio-Energetics 1411, 351–369.
Budd, S. L., and Nicholls, D. G. (1996) J. Neurochem. 66, 403–411.
Budd, S. L., Tenetti, L., Lishnak, T., and Lipton, S. A. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97, 6161–6166.
Chada, S. R., and Hollenbeck, P. J. (2003) J. Exp. Biol. 206, 1985–1992.
Dugan, L. L., Sensi, S. L., Canzoniero, L. M. T., Handran, S. D., Rothman, S. M., Lin, T.-S., Goldberg, M. P., and Choi, D. W. (1995) J. Neurosci. 15, 6377–6388.
Frank, S., Gaume, B., Bergmann-Leitner E. S., Leitner, W. W., Robert, E. G., Catez, F., Smith, C. L., and Youle, R. J. (2001) Dev. Cell 1, 515–525.
Karbowski, M., and Youle, R. J. (2003) Cell Death Differ. 10, 870–880.
Khodorov, B., Pinelis, V., Vergun, O., Storozhevykh, T., and Vinskaya, N. (1996) FEBS Lett. 397, 230–234.
Koh, J.-Y., Suh, S. W., Gwag, B. J., He, Y. Y., Hsu, C. Y., and Choi, D. W. (1997) Science 272, 1013–1016.
Reynolds, I. J., and Hastings, T. G. (1995) J. Neurosci. 15, 3318–3327.
Reynolds, I. J., and Hastings T. G. (2001). In Mitochondria in Patho-genesis (Lemasters, J. J., and Nieminen, A.-L. eds.), Kluwer Aca-demic/ Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 301–316.
Rintoul, G. L., Filiano, A. J., Brocard, J. B., Kress, G. J., and Reynolds, I. J. (2003) J. Neurosci. 23, 7881–7888.
Schinder, A. F., Olson, E. C., Spitzer, N. C., and Montal, M. (1996) J. Neurosci. 16, 6125–6133.
Singer, T. P., Castagnoli, N., Ramsay, R. R., and Trevor, A. J. (1987) J. Neurochem. 49,1–8.
Stout, A. K., Raphael, H. M., Kanterewicz, B. I., Klann, E., and Reynolds, I. J. (1998) Nat. Neurosci. 1, 366–373.
White, R. J., and Reynolds, I. J. (1995) J. Neurosci. 15, 1318–1328.
White, R. J., and Reynolds, I. J. (1996) J. Neurosci. 16, 5688–5697.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Reynolds, I.J., Malaiyandi, L.M., Coash, M. et al. Mitochondrial Trafficking in Neurons: A Key Variable in Neurodegeneration?. J Bioenerg Biomembr 36, 283–286 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBB.0000041754.78313.c2
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBB.0000041754.78313.c2