Skip to main content
Log in

Ethylene Production and Activation of Hydrolytic Enzymes during Acclimation of Maize Seedlings to Partial Flooding

  • Published:
Russian Journal of Plant Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effects of partial flooding on the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in water around the roots, ethylene production by intact maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings, the activities of hydrolytic enzymes (pectinase, xylanase, and cellulase) in adventitious roots, and the growth of adventitious and main roots were studied. Aggravated hypoxia resulted in the accelerated ethylene production and the activation of enzymes destroying cell walls in the adventitious roots; as a result, the latter changed their growth pattern. The conclusion is that the interrelated responses are adaptive ones, and the adventitious roots play a key role in plant adaptation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Grinieva, G.M., Regulyatsiya metabolizma rastenii pri nedostatke kisloroda (Regulation of Plant Metabolism during Oxygen Deficiency), Moscow: Nauka, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Vartapetian, B.B., Kislorod i strukturno-funktsional'naya organizatsiya rastitel'noi kletki, 43-e Timiryazevskoe chtenie (Oxygen and Structural and Functional Organization of the Plant Cell, the 43rd Timiryazev Lecture), Moscow: Nauka, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Armstrong, W., Brandle, R., and Jackson, M.B., Mechanisms of Flood Tolerance in Plants, Acta Bot. Neerl., 1994, vol. 43, pp. 307–358.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Drew, M.C., Deficiency and Root Metabolism: Injury and Acclimation under Hypoxia and Anoxia, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 1997, vol. 48, pp. 223–250.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Nikonorov, A.M., Zhulidov, A.V., and Emets, V.M., Tyazhelye metally v organizmakh vetlandov Rossii (Heavy Metals in the Wetland Plants in Russia), St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Visser, E.J.W., Colmer, T.D., Blom, C.W.P.M., and Voesenek, L.A.C.J., Changes of Growth, Porosity, and Radial Oxygen Loss from Adventitious Roots of Selected Mono-and Dicotyledonous Wetland Species with Contrasting Types of Aerenchyma, Plant Cell Environ., 2000, vol. 23, pp. 1237–1245.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Drew, M.C., Jackson, M.B., and Giffard, S., Ethylene Promoted Adventitious Rooting and Cortical Air Space (Aerenchyma) in Roots May Be Adaptive Responses to Flooding in Zea mays L., Planta, 1979, vol. 147, pp. 83–88.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Grinieva, G.M., Borisova, T.A., Garkovenkova, A.F., Akhrif, G.M., and Bragina, T.V., The Effect of Long-Term Flooding on Exudation, Respiration, and Anatomic Structure of Maize Roots, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1986, vol. 33, pp. 987–995 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Jackson, M.B., Regulation of Aerenchyma Formation in Roots and Shoots by Oxygen and Ethylene, Cell Separation in Plants, Osborn, D.J. and Jackson, M.B., Eds., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989, pp. 263–274.

    Google Scholar 

  10. He, C.-J., Morgan, P.W., and Drew, M.C., Transduction of an Ethylene Signal as Required for Cell Death and Lysis in the Root Cortex of Maize during Aerenchyma Formation Induced by Hypoxia, Plant Physiol., 1996, vol. 112, pp. 463–472.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lorbiecke, K. and Sauter, M., Adventitious Roots Growth and Cell-Cycle Induction in Deepwater Rice, Plant Physiol., 1999, vol. 119, pp. 21–29.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Vartapetian, B.B. and Jackson, M.B., Plant Adaptations to Anaerobic Stress, Ann. Bot., (Suppl. A), 1997, vol. 79, pp. 3–20.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Armstrong, W., Aeration in Higher Plants, Advances in Botanical Research, Woodhous, H.W.W., Ed., London: Academic, 1979, pp. 225–332.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Drew, M.C., He, C.-J., and Morgan, P.W., Programmed Cell Death and Aerenchyma Formation in Roots, Trends Plant Sci., 2000, vol. 5, pp. 123–127.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Laan, P., Berrevoets, M.J., Lythe, S., Armstrong, W., and Blom, C.W.P.M., Root Morphology and Aerenchyma Formation as Indicators of the Flood-Tolerance of Rumex Species, J. Ecol., 1989, vol. 77, pp. 693–703.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gunawardena, A.H.L.A., Pearce, D.M., Jackson, M.B., Hawes, C.R., and Evans, D.E., Characterisation of Programmed Cell Death during Aerenchyma Formation Induced by Ethylene or Hypoxia in Roots of Maize (Zea mays L.), Planta, 2001, vol. 212, pp. 205–214.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Grinieva, G.M. and Bragina, T.V., Structural and Functional Patterns of Maize Adaptation to Flooding, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1993, vol. 40, pp. 662–667 (Russ. J. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hurter, J., Manser, M., and Zimmerli, B., A Rapid Method for the Determination of Residues of 2-Chlorethylphosphonic Acid (Ethephon) in Tomatoes, Cherries and Apples, J. Agr. Food Chem., 1978, vol. 26, pp. 472–475.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Spiro, R.G., Analysis of Sugars Found in Glycoproteins: The Nelson-Somogyi Copper Reduction Method, Methods Enzymol., 1996, vol. 8, pp. 7–9.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rodionova, N.A., Kaprel'yants, N.V., Srednitskii, P.V., and Kilimnik, A.Yu., Hemicelluloses in Cereal Grains and Enzymes Catalyzing Their Cleavage, Prikl. Biokhim. Mikrobiol., 1992, vol. 28, pp. 645–665.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Voesenek, L.A.C.J., Banga, M., Their, R.H., Mudde, M.C., Harren, F.J.M., Barendse, G.W.M., and Blom, W.P.M., Submergence-Induced Ethylene Synthesis, Entrapment and Growth in Two Plant Species with Contrasting Flooding Resistance, Plant Physiol., 1993, vol. 103, pp. 783–793.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Gunawardena, A.H.L.A.N., Pearce, D.M.E., Jackson, M.B., Hawes, C.R., and Evans, D.E., Rapid Changes in Cell Wall Pectic Polysaccharides Are Closely Associated with Early Stages of Aerenchyma Formation, as a Spatially Localized Form of Programmed Cell Death in Roots of Maize (Zea mays L.) Promoted by Ethylene, Plant Cell Environ., 2002, vol. 24, pp.1369–1375.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Gunawardena, A.H.L.A.N., Pearce, D.M.E., Evans, D.E., and Jackson, M.B., Aerenchyma Formation in Maize: A Form of Apoptosis in Higher Plants? Abstr. Symp. Cell Death in Health and Disease: Programmed Cell Death in Plants and Animals, Exeter: Exeter Univ., 1998, p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Saab, I.N. and Sachs, M.M., A Flooding-Induced Xyloglucan endo-Transglycosylase Homolog in Maize Is Responsive to Ethylene and Associated with Aerenchyma, Plant Physiol., 1996, vol. 112, pp. 385–391.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Rodionova, N.A., Dubovaya, N.V., Martinovich, L.I., and Bezborodov, A.M., Formation of Extracellular Enzyme Systems during Geotrichum candidum 3C Growing on the Cell Walls Isolated from the Testa of Cereal Grains, Prikl. Biokhim. Mikrobiol., 2001, vol. 37, pp. 562–565.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Rodionova, N.A., Kilimnik, A.Yu., Milyaeva, E.L., Martinovich, L.I., and Bezborodov, A.M., Disruption of Isolated Cell Walls from Wheat Grains by the Enzymes of High Purity and Homogeneity, Prikl. Biokhim. Mikrobiol., 1999, vol. 35, pp. 629–637.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hayashi, T., Matsumoto, T., Baba, K., Nakamura, S., and Mitsuishi, Y., Degradation of Plant Cell Walls by Various endo-1.4-?-Glucanases, Plant Cell Physiol. (Suppl.), 1995, vol. 36, p. 162.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bragina, T.V., Rodionova, N.A. & Grinieva, G.M. Ethylene Production and Activation of Hydrolytic Enzymes during Acclimation of Maize Seedlings to Partial Flooding. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 50, 794–798 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUPP.0000003277.22914.6c

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUPP.0000003277.22914.6c

Navigation