Abstract
The accumulation of dry matter and the content of major phytohormones in the aboveground and underground plant parts, as well as light curves and the diurnal course of photosynthesis in the leaves were studied in radish (Raphanus sativusL.) plants of different ages that were grown under red (RL) or blue (BL) light. As seen from the rapid increase in plant biomass, the development of storage organs (hypocotyl or tap root) started on the 14th day after the emergence of seedling of the BL plants and on the 21st day for the RL plants. Conversely, RL stimulated biomass accumulation in the aboveground parts (petioles and stems) already in the early stages of plant development. Light spectral quality only slightly affected the activity and the diurnal course of photosynthesis. The GA content was ten times higher in the aboveground parts of the RL plants than those of the BL plants. The hypocotyl of the BL plants contained much higher amounts of cytokinins and IAA than that of the RL plants. The specific responses of the source–sink relations to the light quality were related to the distribution of various phytohormones between the aboveground and underground parts of the plants: RL increased the content of gibberellins (GA) in the aboveground parts of plants, thus increasing their sink activity, whereas BL stimulated the synthesis of cytokinins and IAA in the hypocotyl and enhanced its development. Light quality-specific morphogenetic responses were reversed when plants were treated with exogenous GA or paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of GA synthesis. The treatment of the BL plants with exogenous GA stimulated petiole and hypocotyl elongation and induced stem formation. The treatment of the BL plants with paclobutrazol led to shortened petioles, the flattening of the storage organ, and the disappearance of the stem.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Cosgrove, D., Rapid Suppression of Growth by Blue Light: Occurrence, Time Course, and General Characteristics, Plant Physiol., 1981, vol. 67, pp. 584-590.
Voskresenskaya, N.P., Control of the Activity of Photosynthetic Apparatus in Higher Plants, Blue Light Effect in Biological Systems, Senger, H., Ed., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984, pp. 407-416.
Ruyters, J., Effects of Blue Light on Enzymes, Blue Light Effects in Biological Systems, Senger, H., Ed., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984, pp. 283-296.
Schmid, R., Blue Light Effects on Morphogenesis and Metabolism in Acetabularia, Blue Light Effects in Biological Systems, Senger, H., Ed., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984, pp. 419-427.
Bukhov, N.G., Drozdova, I.S., Bondar, V.V., and Mokronosov, A.T., Blue, Red and Blue Plus Red Light Control of Chlorophyll Content and CO2 Gas Exchange in Barley Leaves: Quantitative Description of the Effects of Light Quality and Fluence Rate, Physiol. Plant., 1992, vol. 85, pp. 632-639.
Drozdova, I.S., Bondar, V.V., and Voskresenskaya, N.P., Red and Blue Light Coordinated Photoregulatory Effect on Photosynthesis and Morphogenesis in Radish Plants, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1987, vol. 34, pp. 786-794 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Aksenova, N.P., Konstantinova, T.N., Sergeeva, L.I., Machachková, I., and Golyanovskaya, S.A., Morphogenesis of Potato Plants in vitro: 1. Effect of Light Quality and Hormones, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1994, vol. 13, pp. 143-146.
Palmer, C.E. and Smith, O.E., Cytokinins and Tuber Initiation in the Potato Solanum tuberosum L., Nature, 1969, vol. 221, pp. 279-280.
Palmer, C.E. and Smith, O.E., Effect of Kinetin on Tuber Formation in Isolated Stolons of Solanum tuberosum L., Plant Cell Physiol., 1970, vol. 11, pp. 303-307.
Nauk, C.S. and Langille, A.R., Physiology of Tuberization in Solanum tuberosum L. Cis-Zeatin in the Potato Plant: Its Identification and Changes in Endogenous Levels as Influenced by Temperature and Photoperiod, Plant Physiol., 1978, vol. 62, pp. 438-443.
Reid, D.M., Clements, J.B., and Carr, D.J., Red Light Induction of Gibberellin Synthesis in Leaves, Nature, 1968, vol. 217, pp. 580-582.
Bukhov, N.G., Bondar, V.V., and Drozdova, I.S., Long-Term Effects of Blue and Red Light on ATP and ADP Contents in Primary Barley Leaves, Planta, 1995, vol. 196, pp. 211-216.
Kara, A.N., Kotov, A.A., Bukhov, N.G., Specific Distribution of Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Abscisic Acid in Radish Plants Closely Correlates with Photomorphogenetic Responses to Blue or Red Light, J. Plant Physiol., 1997, vol. 151, pp. 51-59.
Fletcher, R.A., Hofstra, G., and Gao, J., Comparative Fungitoxic and Plant Growth Regulating Properties of Triazole Derivatives, Plant Cell Physiol., 1986, vol. 27, pp. 367-371.
Clifford, P.E., Offer, C.E., and Patrick, J.W., Growth Regulators Have Rapid Effects on Photosynthate Unloading from Seed Coats of Phaseolus vulgaris L., Plant Physiol., 1986, vol. 88, pp. 635-637.
Melis, R.J.M. and van Staden, J., Tuberization and Hormones, Z. Pflanzenphysiol., 1984, vol. 113, pp. 271-276.
Okazawa, J. and Chapman, H.W., Regulation of Tuber Formation in the Potato Plant, Physiol. Plant., 1962, vol. 15, pp. 413-419.
Lowell, P. and Booth, A., Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Growth, Tuber Formation and Carbohydrate Distribution in Solanum tuberosum, New Phytol., 1967, vol. 66, pp. 525-537.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Drozdova, I.S., Bondar, V.V., Bukhov, N.G. et al. Effects of Light Spectral Quality on Morphogenesis and Source–Sink Relations in Radish Plants. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 48, 415–420 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016725207990
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016725207990