Abstract
A factorial design was applied to evaluate the effect of formulation variables on physicochemical properties of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Formulation variables were dextran T40 or T70 and Pluronic™ F68 or Tween™ 20 acting as stabilizer and surfactant respectively, and three pH levels (2, 4 and 7). Nanoparticles possessed unimodal particle size distribution with significant effect of dextran, surfactant and pH. A wide range of molecular weight distribution was observed with significant effect of pH and dextran on average molecular weight. NMR studies revealed the presence of dextran, monomer and surfactants in the nanoparticles. Solid state surface analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of three chemical environments to the carbon envelope, O – C = O,C – O/C≡N and C – C.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
P. M. Huges and A. K. Mitra, Overview of Ocular Drug Delivery and Iatrogenic Ocular Cytopathologies, in Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, A. K. Mitra ed, Marcel Dekker, NY, Chapter 1, pp 1–27 (1993)
J. Kreuter, Nanoparticles as Bioadhesive Ocular Drug Delivery Systems, In Bioadhesive Drug Delivery Systems. V. Lenaerts and R. Gurny, Chapter 11, CRC Press, Florida, (1990)
P. Couvreur. Polyalkylcyanoacrylates as colloidal drug carriers, Critical Reviews in Therapeutics Drug Carrier Systems. 5, 1–20 (1988)
T. Harmia, P. P Speiser and J. Kreuter. Optimization of Pilocarpine Loading onto Nanoparticles by Sorption Procedure. Int. J. Pharm. 33, 45–54 (1986)
H. Hui and J. Robinson. Ocular Delivery of Progesterone using a Bioadhesive Polymer. Int. J. Pharm. 26, 203–213 (1985)
R. W. Wood, V. H. K. Li, J. Kreuter and J. R. Robinson. Ocular Disposition of Poly-hexyl-2-cyano[3-14C]acrylate Nanoparticles in the Albino Rabbit. Int. J. Pharm. 23, 175–183 (1985)
A. Zimmer, J. Kreuter and J. R. Robinson. Studies on the Transport Pathway of PBCA Nanoparticles in Ocular Tissues. J. Microencapsulation. 8, 497–504 (1991)
G. Birrenbach and P. P. Speiser. Polymerized Micelles and their use as an Adjuvents in Immunology. J. Pharm. Sci. 65, 1763–1766 (1976)
J Kreuter and P. P. Speiser. In Vitro Studies of Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Adjuvents, J. Pharm. Sci. 65, 1624–1627, 1976
S. S. Davis and L. Illum. The Targeting of Drugs using Polymeric Microspheres. British Polymer Journal. 15, 160–164 (1983)
T. Harmia, J. Kreuter, P. Speiser, T. Boye, R. Gurny and A. Kubis. Enhancement of the Miotic Response of Rabbits with Pilocarpine-loaded Polybutylcyanoacrylate Nanoparticles. Int. J. Pharm. 33, 187–193 (1986)
V. H. K. Li, R. W. Wood, J. Kreuter, T. Harmia and J. R. Robinson. Ocular Drug Delivery of Progesterone using Nanoparticles. J. Microencapsulation. 3, 213–218, 1986
N. Al. Khouri. Fallouh, L. Roblot-Treupel, H. Fessi, J. Ph Devissaguet and F. Puisieux. Development of a New Process for the Manufacture of Polyisobutylcyanoacrylate Nanocapsules, Int. J. Pharm. 28, 125–132 (1986)
L. Illum, M. A. Khan, E. Mak and S. S. Davis, Evaluation of Carrier Capacity and Release Characteristics for Poly(butyl 2-cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles, Int. J. Pharm. 30, 17–28 (1986)
L. Marchal-Heussler, P. Maincent, M. Hoffman, J. Spittler and P. Couvreur. Antiglaucomatous activity of Betaxolol Chlorohydrate Sorbed onto Different Isobutylcyanoacrylate Nanoparticle Preparations. Int. J. Pharm. 58, 115–122 (1990)
J. Kreuter. Evaluations of Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems I: Preparation Methods. Pharm. Acta Helv. 58, 196–209 (1983)
W. G Cochran and G. M. Cox, Experimental Design, John Wiley and Sons, New York. (1962)
NICOMP Model 370 Submicron Particle Sizer Version 5.0, Instruction Manual, Particle Sizing Systems, CA (1989)
S. Silvestri, N. Ganguly and E Tabibi. Predicting the Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on Dispersed Droplet Radii in Submicron Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Pharm. Res. 9, 1347–1350 (1992)
H. W. Coover and J. M. McIntire, Handbook of Adhesives, (ed. I. Skeist), 2nd ed, Van Nostrand Reinhold (1977), p. 569
C.-M. Lehr, J. A. Boustra, H. E. Boddé and H. E. Junginger. A Surface Energy Analysis of Mucoadhesion: Contact Angle Measurements on Polycarbophil and Pig Intestinal Mucosa in Physiologically Relevant Fluids. Pharm. Res. 9, 70–75 (1992)
C.-M. Lehr, J. A. Boustra, F. Spies, J. Onderwater, J V. H. Noordeinde, C. Vermeij-Keers, C. J. van Munsteren and H. E. Junginger. J. Control Rel. 18, 249–260 (1992)
J. W. Goodwin, J. Hearn, C. C. Ho and R. H. Ottewill. The Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Latices Formed in the Absence of Surface Active Agents, Br. Polym. J. 5, 347–362 (1973)
I. C. Eromosele, D. C. Pepper and B. Ryan, Water Effects on the Zwitterionic Polymerization of Cyanoacrylate. Macromolecular Chemistry, 190, 1613–1622 (1989)
M. A. El-Egakey, V. Bentele and J. Kreuter. Molecular Weights of Polycyanoacrylate Nanoparticles. Int. J. Pharm. 13, 349–352 (1983)
S. J. Douglas, S. S. Davis and S. R. Holding, Molecular Weights Poly(butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) Produced During Nanoparticle Formation, Br. Polym. J. 17, 339–342 (1985)
S. J. Douglas, L. Illum and S. S. Davis. Particle Size and Size Distribution of Poly(butyl 2-cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles, J Colloid Interface. Sci. 103, 154–163, 1985
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Das, S.K., Tucker, I.G., Hill, D.J.T. et al. Evaluation of Poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles for Mucoadhesive Ocular Drug Delivery. I. Effect of Formulation Variables on Physicochemical Characteristics of Nanoparticles. Pharm Res 12, 534–540 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016249812466
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016249812466