Abstract
Fine-grained clay subfractions (SFs) with a particle size of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2.0, and 2–5 μm separated from the claystone of Upper Precambrian Pumanskaya and Poropelonskaya formations on the Srednii Peninsula were studied by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Rb–Sr methods. All subfractions consist of the low-temperature illite and chlorite, and the contribution of chlorite decreases with diminishing particle size. The crystallinity index and I 002/I 001 ratio increase from coarse- to fine-grained SFs. The leaching by ammonium acetate solution and the Rb–Sr systematics in combination with mineralogical and morphological data indicate that illite in Upper Proterozoic claystone from the Srednii Peninsula was formed during three time intervals: 810–830, 610–620, and about 570 Ma ago. The first generation of this mineral with a low Rb/Sr ratio dominates in coarse-grained SFs while the second and third generations with a high Rb/Sr ratio prevail in fine-grained SFs. All of the three generations are known in the Poropelon claystone, whereas the Puman claystone contains only illite of the first and second generations. Geological processes responsible for the multistage illite evolution in claystones are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Andreichev, V.L., The Problem of False Isochrons of Mixing, 15-i Simpozium po geokhimii izotopov im. akademika A.P. Vinogradova (15th Symp. on Isotope Geochemistry Dedicated to Academician A.P. Vinogradov) (Abstracts of Papers), Moscow: Vernadsky Inst. Geokhim. Analit. Khim., 1998, p. 9.
Awwiller, D.N., Geochronology and Mass Transfer in Gulf Coast Mudrocks (South-Central Texas, U.S.A.): Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and REE Systematics, Chem. Geol., 1994, vol. 116, no. 1/2, pp. 61–84.
Ayalon, A. and Longstaffe, F.J., Oxygen Isotope Studies of Diagenesis and Pore-Water Evolution in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin: Evidence from the Upper Cretaceous Basal Belly River Sandstone, Alberta, J. Sed. Petrol., 1988, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 489–505.
Bekker, Yu.R., Molassy dokembriya (The Precambrian Molasses), Leningrad: Nedra, 1988.
Bekker, Yu.R., Negrutsa, V.Z., and Polevaya, N.I., The Age of Glauconite Horizons and Upper Boundary of the Hyperborean in the Eastern Baltic Shield, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1970, vol. 193, no. 5, pp. 1123–1126.
Bonhomme, M.G., Type of Sampling and Comparison between K-Ar and Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating of Fine Fractions from Sediments in Attempt to Date Young Diagenetic Events, Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci. Sect.), 1987, vol. 65, no. 3/4, pp. 209–222.
Bros, R., Stille, P., Gauthier-Lafaye, F., Weber, F., and Clauer, N., Sm-Nd Isotopic Dating of Proterozoic Clay Material: An Example from the Francevillian Sedimentary Series, Gabon, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1992, vol. 113, no. 1/2, pp. 207–218.
Buatier, M.D., Peacor, D.R., and O'Neil, J.R., Smectite-Illite Transition in Barbados Accretionary Wedge Sediments: TEM and AEM Evidence for Dissolution/Crystallization at Low Temperature, Clays Clay Miner., 1992, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 65–80.
Chaudhuri, S. and Broorkins, D.G., The Rb-Sr Systematics in Acid-Leached Clay Minerals, Chem. Geol., 1979, vol. 24, no. 3/4, pp. 231–242.
Clauer, N., Geochimie isotopique du strontium des milieux sedimentaires. Application a la geochronologie de la couverture du craton ouest-africain, Sci. Geol. Mem. Strasbourg, 1976, vol. 45.
Clauer, N., The Rubidium-Strontium Method Applied to Sediment: Certitudes and Uncertainties, Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy, Odin, G.S., Ed., Chichester: Wiley and Sons, 1982, pp. 245–276.
Clauer, N., A New Approach to Rb-Sr Dating of Sedimentary Rocks, Lectures in Isotope Geology, Jager, E. and Hunziker, J.C., Eds., Berlin: Springer, 1979, pp. 30–51. Translated under the Title Izotopnaya geologiya, Moscow: Nedra, 1984, pp. 40-62.
Clauer, N. and Chaudhuri, S., Clays in Crustal Environments. Isotopic Dating and Tracing, Berlin: Springer, 1995.
Clauer, N., Giblin, P., and Lucas, J., Sr and Ar Isotope Studies of Detrital Smectites from the Atlantic Ocean (D.S.D.P., Legs 43, 48, and 50), Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci.), 1984, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 141–151.
Clauer, N., Chaudhuri, S., Kralik, M., and Bonnot-Courtois, C., Effects of Experimental Leaching on Rb-Sr and K-Ar Isotopic Systems and REE Contents of Diagenetic Illite, Chem. Geol., 1993, vol. 103, no. 1/4, pp. 1–16.
Clauer, N., O'Neil, J.R., Bonnot-Courtois, C., and Holtzapffel, T., Morphological, Chemical and Isotopic Evidence for an Early Diagenetic Evolution of Detrital Smectite in Marine Sediments, Clays Clay Miner., 1990, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 33–46.
Clauer, N., Weber, F., Gauthier-Lafaye, F., Toulkeridis, T., and Sizun, J.-P., Mineralogical, Geochemical (REE) and Isotopic (K-Ar, Rb-Sr, 18O) Evolution of the Clay Minerals from Faulted, Carbonate-Rich, Passive Paleomargin of Southern Massif Central, France, J. Sediment. Res., 1997, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 923–934.
Drits, V.A. and Kossovskaya, A.G., Glinistye mineraly: smektity, smeshanosloinye obrazovaniya (Clay Minerals: Smectites and Mixed-Layer Formations), Moscow: Nauka, 1990.
Esquevin, J., Influence de la composition chimique des illites sur leur cristallinite, Bull. Centre Rech. Pau-SNPA, 1969, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 147–153.
Essene, E.J. and Peacor, D.R., Clay Mineral Thermometry-A Critical Perspective, Clays Clay Miner., 1995, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 540–553.
Faure, G., Principles of Isotope, Geology,, New York: Wiley and Sons, 1986.
Gorokhov, I.M., Rb-Sr Isotope Diagnostics of the Multistage Evolution of Illite in Upper Proterozoic Shales, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1996, vol. 348, no. 5, pp. 647–651.
Gorokhov, I.M., Mel'nikov, N.N., Turchenko, T.L., Kutyavin, E.P., Bizunok, M.B., and Baskakov, A.V., The Behavior of the Rb-Sr System Components of Fine-Grained Fractions during Leaching, 12 Vsesoyuznyi simpozium po stabil'nym izotopam v geokhimii (12th All-Union Symp. on Stable Isotopes in Geochemistry), Moscow: Vernadsky Inst. Geokhim. Analit. Khim., 1989, pp. 48–49.
Gorokhov, I.M., Clauer, N., Turchenko, T.L., Melnikov, N.N., Kutyavin, E.P., Pirrus, E., and Baskakov, A.V., Rb-Sr Systematics of Vendian-Cambrian Claystones from the East European Platform: Implications for a Multi-Stage Illite Evolution, Chem. Geol., 1994, vol. 112, no. 1/2, pp. 71–89.
Gorokhov, I.M., Turchenko, T.L., Baskakov, A.V., Kutyavin, E.P., Melnikov, N.N., and Sochava, A.V., A Rb-Sr Study of Multistage Illite Generation in Shales of the Pumanskaya and Poropelonskaya Formations, Sredni Peninsula, NW Kola Region (Extended Abstract), Geology of the Eastern Finnmark-Western Kola Peninsula Region. Nor. Geol. Unders. Special Publ., Trondheim, 1995, vol. 7, p. 330.
Gorokhov, I.M., Yakovleva, O.V., Semikhatov, M.A., Mel'nikov, N.N., Ivanovskaya, T.A., and Kutyavin, E.P., "Rejuvenated" Al-Glauconite in Vendian-Cambrian Deposits of the Podolian Dniester Region, Ukraine: Rb-Sr and K-Ar Systematics and 57Fe Mössbauer Spectra, Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1997a, no. 6, pp. 616-635.
Gorokhov, I.M., Mel'nikov, N.N., Turchenko, T.L., and Kutyavin, E.P., Rb-Sr Systematics of Pelitic Fractions in Lower Riphean Claystones: Ust'-Il'ya Formation, Anabar Massif, Northern Siberia, Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1997b, no. 5, pp. 530-539.
Gorokhov, I.M., Mel'nikov, N.N., and Turchenko, T.L., Isotope Varieties of Strontium in Fine-Grained Fractions of Ancient Mudstones, 15-i Simpozium po geokhimii izotopov im. akademika A.P. Vinogradova (15th Symp. on Isotope Geochemistry Dedicated to Academician A.P. Vinogradov) (Abstracts of Papers), Moscow: Vernadsky Inst. Geokhim. Analit. Khim., 1998, pp. 70–71.
Gorokhov, I.M., Melnikov, N.N., and Turchenko, T.L., Rb-Sr Mixing Systematics in Clay Fractions of Precambrian Shales, EUROCLAY'99, Conference of the European Clay Groups Association (Program with Abstracts), Krakow, 1999, pp. 89-90.
Gorokhov, I.M., Semikhatov, M.A., Mel'nikov, N.N., Turchenko, T.L., Konstantinova, G.V., and Kutyavin, E.P., Rb-Sr Geochronology of Middle Riphean Shales, the Yusmastakh Formation of the Anabar Massif, Northern Siberia, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya, 2001, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 3–28.
Hart, S.R. and Staudigel, H., Ocean Crust Vein Mineral Deposition: Rb-Sr Ages, U-Th-Pb Geochemistry and Duration of Circulation at DSDP Sites 261, 462, and 516, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1986, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 2751–2761.
Henning, K.-H. and Landgraf, K.F., Ñber Beziehungen zwischen Morphologie und Kristallchemie der dioktaedrischen Dreischichtsilikate, Beitr. Mineral. Technol. Tone. Greifswald, 1978, pp. 43-64.
Keller, B.M. and Sokolov, B.S., The Late Precambrian in the Northern Murmansk District, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960, vol. 133, no. 5, pp. 1154–1157.
Kisch, H.J., Incipient Metamorphism of Cambro-Silurian Clastic Rocks from the Jamtland Supergroup, Central Scandinavian Caledonides, Western Sweden: Illite Crystallinity and "Vitrinite" Reflectance, J. Geol. Soc. (London), 1980, vol. 137, no. 3, pp. 271–288.
Klug, H.P. and Alexander, L.E., X-Ray Diffraction Procedures, New York: Wiley and Sons, 1974.
Kotel'nikov, D.D., Soboleva, S.V., and Solodkova, N.A., Formation Conditions and Structural Features of Mica-Type Minerals with Elongate-Lamellar Shape of Particles, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Geol. Razv., 1992, no. 3, pp. 55-60.
Kralik, M., Effects of Cation-Exchange Treatment and Acid Leaching on the Rb-Sr System of Illite from Fithian, Illinois, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1984, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 527–533.
Krylov, I.N. and Lyubtsov, V.V., Stromatolite Bioherms from the Kil'din Island, Priroda i khozyaistvo Severa, Murmansk: Geogr. Ob-vo SSSR, Severn. Fil., 1976, issue 4, pp. 50-56.
Kubler, B., "Cristallinite" de l'illite et mixed-layers: breve revision, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 1990, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 89–93.
Kubler, B., La cristallinite de l'illite et les zones tout a fait superieures du metamorphisme, Colloque sur les etages tectoniques, Schaer, J.-P., Ed., Neuchatel: Univ. Neuchatel. A la Baconniere, 1996, pp. 105-122.
Lander, R.H., Bloch, S., Mehta, S., and Atkinson, C.D., Burial Diagenesis of Paleosols in the Giant Yacheng Gas Field, People's Republic of China: Bearing on Illite Reaction Pathways, J. Sed. Petrol., 1991, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 256–268.
Lanson, B. and Besson, G., Characterization of the End of Smectite-to-Illite Transformation: Decomposition of X-Ray Patterns, Clays Clay Miner., 1992, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 40–52.
Lyubtsov, V.V., Mikhailova, N.S., and Predovsky, A.A., Litostratigrafiya i mikrofossilii pozdnego dokembriya Kol'skogo poluostrova (Late Precambrian Lithostratigraphy and Microfossils in the Kola Peninsula), Apatity: Geol. Inst. Kol. Nauch. Tsentra Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1989.
Lyubtsov, V.V., Predovsky, A.A., Negrutsa, V.Z., Siedlecka, A., and Roberts, D., Neoproterozoic Sedimentary Rocks Successions of the Barents and White Sea Coasts of the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia, Norges geologiske undersökelse, 2000, Report 99, vol. 138.
McIntyre, G.A., Brooks, C., Compston, W., and Turek, A., The Statistical Assessment of Rb-Sr Isochrons, J. Geophys. Res., 1966, vol. 71, no. 22, pp. 5459–5468.
Morton, J.P., Rb-Sr Dating of Diagenesis and Source Age of Clays in Upper Devonian Black Shales of Texas, Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1985, vol. 96, no. 8, pp. 1043–1049.
Negrutsa, V.Z., Stratigraphy of Hyperborean Sediments in the Srednii and Rybachii Peninsulas and the Kil'din Island, Problemy geologii dokembriya Baltiiskogo shchita i pokrova Russkoi platformy (Problems of Precambrian Geology in the Baltic Shield), Tr. Vses. Geol. Inst., Nov. Ser., 1971, vol. 175, pp. 153–186.
Negrutsa, V.Z., Basalaev, A.A., and Chikirev, I.V., Barentsovomorskii fosforitovyi bassein (The Barents Sea Phosphorite Basin), Apatity: Kol. Nauch. Tsentr, 1994.
Ohr, M., Halliday, A.N., and Peakor, D.R., Sr and Nd Isotopic Evidence for Punctuated Clay Diagenesis, Texas Gulf Coast, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1991, vol. 105, no. 1/3, pp. 110–126.
Ohr, M., Halliday, A.N., and Peacor, D.R., Mobility and Fractionation of Rare Earth Elements in Argillaceous Sediments: Implications for Dating Diagenesis and Low-Grade Metamorphism, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 289–312.
Polevaya, N.I., Murina, G.A., Sprintsson, V.D., and Kazakov, G.A., Determination of the Absolute Age for Sedimentary and Volcanic Formations, Opredelenie absolyutnogo vozrasta dochetvertichnykh geologicheskikh formatsii. Mezhdunarodnyi geol. kongress (Determination of the Absolute Age of Pre-Quaternary Geological Formations), Moscow: Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960, pp. 32–54.
Polkanov, A.A. and Gerling, E.K., Geochronology and Geological Evolution of the Baltic Shield and Its Folded Framing, Voprosy geologii i geokhronologii(Problems of Geology and Geochronology), 1961, no. 12, pp. 3-107.
Samuelsson, J., Biostratigraphy and Palaeobiology of Early Neoproterozoic Strata of the Kola Peninsula, Northwest Russia, Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 1997, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 165–192.
Schaltegger, U., Stille, P., Rais, N., Pique, A., and Clauer, N., Neodymium and Strontium Isotope Dating of Diagenesis and Low-Grade Metamorphism of Argillaceous Sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1471–1481.
Siedlecka, A., Lyubtsov, V.V., and Negrutsa, V.Z., Correlation between Upper Proterozoic Successions in the Tanafjorden-Varangerfjorden Region of Varanger Peninsula, Northern Norway and on Sredny Peninsula and Kildin Island in the Northern Coastal Area of Kola Peninsula in Russia, Geology of the Eastern Finnmark-Western Kola Peninsula Region. Nor. Geol. Unders. Special Publ., Trondheim, 1995a, vol. 7, pp. 217–232.
Siedlecka, A., Negrutsa, V.Z., and Pickering, K.T., Upper Proterozoic Turbidite Systems of the Northern Russia-A Possible Stratigraphic Counterpart of the Kongsfjord Submarine Fan of the Varanger Peninsula, Northern Norway, Geology of the Eastern Finnmark-Western Kola Peninsula Region. Nor. Geol. Unders. Special Publ., Trondheim, 1995b, vol. 7, pp. 201–206.
Sochava, A.V., Petrochemistry of the Upper Precambrian Deposits from the Sredni and Rybachi Peninsulas and Comparison with Correlative Sequences from the Timans and Urals, Geology of the Eastern Finnmark-Western Kola Peninsula Region. Nor. Geol. Unders. Special Publ., Trondheim, 1995, vol. 7, pp. 271–283.
Srodon, J. and Eberi, D.D., Illite, Micas. Reviews in Mineralogy, Bailey, S.W., Ed., Chelsea: Mineral. Soc. Am., 1984, vol. 13, pp. 495–544.
Turchenko, T.L., Gorokhov, I.M., Melnikov, N.N., and Kotov, G.V., Fine Fractions of Argillites for the Rb-Sr Dating: Separation, XRD and TEM Studies, 1st Int. Symp. on Applied Isot. Geochem., Geiranger, Norway, 1993.
Vinogradov, V.I., Geological Implication of Rb-Sr and K-Ar Isotope Datings of Blue Clays in the Baltic Sea Region, Stratigr. Geol. Korrelyatsiya, 1997, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 101–106.
Warr, L.N. and Rice, A.H.N., Interlaboratory Standardization and Calibration of Clay Mineral Crystallinity and Crystallite Size Data, J. Metamorph. Geol., 1994, vol. 12, pp. 141–151.
Williamson, J.H., Least-Squares Fitting of a Straight Line, Can. J. Phys., 1968, vol. 46, no. 16, pp. 1845–1847.
Willis, K.M., Stern, R.J., and Clauer, N., Age and Geochemistry of Late Precambrian Sediments of the Hammammat Series from the Northeastern Desert of Egypt, Precambrian Res., 1988, vol. 42, no. 1/2, pp. 173–187.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gorokhov, I.M., Mel'nikov, N.N., Negrutsa, V.Z. et al. The Multistage Illite Evolution in Upper Proterozoic Claystones from the Srednii Peninsula, Murmansk Coast of the Barents Sea. Lithology and Mineral Resources 37, 162–179 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014828617929
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014828617929