References
Centre for Economic Conjuncture (1994), Information and Analytical Materials, Moscow (in Russian).
Centre for Science Research and Statistics (1992), Science in the USSR: Analysis and Statistics, Moscow (in Russian).
Centre for Science Research and Statistics (1995), Russian Science and Technology at a Glance, Table 8.1, Moscow, Russia.
Centre for Science Research and Statistics (1996a), Information Bulletin, no. 4, Moscow (in Russian).
Centre for Science Research and Statistics (1996b), Russian Science and Technology at a Glance: 1995, Moscow.
European Commission (1994), The European Report on Science and Technology Indicators 1994.
Gokhberg L. (1991), Scientific Potential of the USSR, Moscow, Russia: VINITY (in Russian).
Gokhberg L. and Mindeli L. (1993), ‘Soviet R&D Resources: Basic Characteristics’, in Glaziev S. and C.M. Schneider (eds.), Research and Development Management in the Transition to a Market Economy, Collaborative Paper CP-93-1, Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
Gokhberg L. (1994), ‘Basic Research in Russia: Human Resources and Funding’, Economic Systems, vol. 19,no. 2, pp. 159–178.
Gokhberg L. (1996a), ‘The Commonwealth of Independent States’, World Science Report 1996, Paris, France: UNESCO.
Gokhberg L. (1996b), ‘Dynamics of R&D Potential of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Statistical Analysis’, in Russian Academy of Sciences in Estimations of Scientists, Moscow, Russia: CSRS (in Russian).
Levin R.C. (1988), ‘Appropriability, R&D, and Technological Performance’, American Economic Review, vol. 78,no. 2, pp. 424–428.
Mowery D.C. (1993), ‘The Changing Structure of U.S. Industrial Research: Implications for R&D Organization in the Russian Federation’, in Glaziev S. and C.M. Schneider (eds.), Research and Development Management in the Transition to a Market Economy, Collaborative Paper CP-93-1. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
National Science Board (1991), Science and Engineering Indicators — 1991, Washington, DC.
National Science Board (1996), Science and Engineering Indicators — 1996, Washington, DC.
Nekipelova E., Gokhberg L. and L. Mindeli (1994), Emigration of Scientists: Problems, Reat Estimations, Moscow, Russia: CSRS.
OECD (1994a), Science, Technology and Innovation Policies: Federation of Russia, Volumes I, II, Paris.
OECD (1994b), Science and Technology Policy, Review and Outlook 1994, Paris.
OECD (1995), Main Science and Technology Indicators, 1995/1, Paris.
Radosevic S. (1994), ‘Transformation of National Systems of Innovation in Central and Eastern Europe: Between Restructuring and Erosion’, paper presented at the Six Countries Program on Innovation Conference, Vienna, Austria.
State Committee on Statistics of the Russian Federation (1995), Russian Statistical Yearbook, Moscow (in Russian).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gokhberg, L., Peck, M.J. The Decline of the Russian R&D Sector and the Prospects for its Revival. MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies 7, 91–101 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009534523403
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009534523403