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Hypercoagulable states in patients with retinal venous occlusion

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Abstract

Background and purpose: The pathogenesis of thrombus formation in the retinal vein resulting in retinal vein occlusion is not well understood. This study was carried out to ascertain the role of hypercoagulable states in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Methods: Fifty seven consecutive patients with acute retinal vein occlusion (mean age 48 ± 11.5 years) were investigated for possible hypercoagulable states. Levels of antithrombin III (AT III), protein C (PC), Protein S (PS), factor XII, and fibrinogen as well as the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) were investigated. The APAs and fibrinogen results obtained in these patients were compared to those of healthy controls. Results: We detected APAs in 15 out of 57 patients compared to 3 out of 74 controls (p = 0.0002). Fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in patients compared with the controls (p < 0; 0.001). Deficiencies in the naturally occurring anticoagulant proteins including AT III (4 out of 54 patients tested), PC (8 out of 42 patients tested), and PS (12 out of 56 patients tested) were detected. Seven patients out of 32 patients tested had reduced levels of factor XII. Subgroup analysis of the thrombophilic differences between patients who aged 45 years or less and older patients and patients with major trunk vein occlusion and patients with branch vein occlusion revealed no significant differences. Conclusion: Hypercoagulable states are common in patients with retinal vein occlusion and may contribute to the etiology of the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar & Saleh Al-Amro

  2. Coagulation Research Laboratory, Saudi Arabia

    Abdel Galil M. Abdel Gader

  3. Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Abdul-Kareem Al-Momen

Authors
  1. Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar
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  2. Abdel Galil M. Abdel Gader
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  3. Saleh Al-Amro
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  4. Abdul-Kareem Al-Momen
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Abu El-Asrar, A.M., Abdel Gader, A.G.M., Al-Amro, S. et al. Hypercoagulable states in patients with retinal venous occlusion. Doc Ophthalmol 95, 133–143 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1001795918894

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