Skip to main content
Log in

Preeclampsia, an Implantation Disorder

  • Published:
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Mackay AP, Berg CJ, Atrash HK. Pregnancy-related mortality from preeclampsia and eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2001;97:533-538.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lindheimer MD, Cunningham FG, Roberts JM, editors. Chesley's hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Second Edition. Stamford CT: Appleton & Lange, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Walker JJ. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet 2000;356:1260-1265.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Taylor R, de Groot CJM, Cho Y, Lim K-H. Circulating factors as markers and mediators of endothelial cell dysfunction in preeclampsia. Sem Reprod Endocrinol 1998;16:17-31.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Lee C-J, Hsieh T-T, Chin T-H, Chen K-C, Lo L-M, Hung T-H. Risk factors for preeclampsia in an Asian population. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2000;70:327-333.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Taylor SE. The health status of black women. In: Braithwaite R, Taylor S, eds. Health Issues in the Black Community. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2001;44-61.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sibai BM, Ewell M, Levine RJ, Klebanoff MA, Esterlitz J, Catalano PM, Goldenberg RL, Joffe G. Risk factors associated with preeclampsia in healthy nulliparous women. The Calcium for Preeclampsia Prevention (CPEP) Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:1003-1010.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Palmer SK, Moore LG, Young D, Cregger B, Berman JC, Zamudio S. Altered blood pressure course during normal pregnancy and increased preeclampsia at high altitude (3100 meters) in Colorado. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:1161-1168.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ros HS, Cnattingius S, Lipworth L. Comparison of risk factors for preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in a population-based cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 1998;147:1062-1070.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Esplin MS, Fausett MB, Fraser A, Kerber R, Mineau G, Carrillo J, Vamer MW. Paternal and maternal components of the predisposition to preeclampsia. N Engl J Med 2001;344:867-872.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lie RT, Rasmussen S, Brunborg H, Gjessing HK, Lie-Nelson E, Irgens LM. Fetal and maternal contributions to risk of preeclampsia: population based study. BMJ 1998;316:1343-1347.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Chen G, Wilson R, Wang SH, Zheng HZ, Walker JJ, McKillop JH. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene polymorphism and expression in pre-eclampsia. Clin Exp Immunol 1996;104:154-159.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Morgan T, Ward K. New insights into the genetics of preeclampsia. Sem Perinatol 1999;23:14-23.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Roberts JM, Cooper DW. Pathogenesis and genetics of preeclampsia. Lancet 2001;357:53-56.

    Google Scholar 

  15. O'Brien M, Dausset J, Carosella ED, Moreau P. Analysis of the role of HLA-G in preeclampsia. Hum Immunol 2000;61:1126-1131.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Zhou Y, Damsky C, Fisher S. Preeclampsia is associated with failure of human cytotrophoblasts to mimic a vascular adhesion phenotype: one cause of defective endovascular invasion in this syndrome? J Clin Invest 1997;99:2152-2164.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Meekins JW, Pijnenborg R, Hanssens M, McFadyen IR, van Asshe A. A study of placental bed spiral arteries and trophoblast invasion in normal and severe pre-eclampsic pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1994;101:669-674.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Koelman CA, Coumans ABC, Nijman HW, Doxiadis IIN, Dekker GA, Claas FHJ. Correlation between oral sex and a low incidence of preeclampsia: a role for soluble HLA in seminal fluid? J Reprod Immunol 2000;46:155-166.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Hall GH, Noble WL, Lindow SW, Masson EA. Long-term sexual cohabitation offers no protection from hypertensive disease of pregnancy. Hum Reprod 2001;16:349-352.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Loke YW, King A. Immunological aspects of human implantation. J Reprod Fert Supp 2000;55:83-90.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Drake PM, Gunn MD, Charo IF, Tsou CL, Zhou Y, Huang L, Fisher SJ. Human placental cytotrophoblasts attract monocytes and CD56 (bright) natural killer cells via the actions of monocyte inflammatory protein 1 alpha. J Exp Med 2001;193:1199-1212.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Medawar PB. Some immunological and endocrinological problems raised by evolution of viviparity in vertebrates. In: Society for Experimental Biology, Evolution Symposium. New York: Academic Press, 1953;320-338.

    Google Scholar 

  23. King A, Allan DSJ, Brwen M, Powis SJ, Joseph S, Verma S, Hiby SE, McMichael AJ, Loke YW, Brand VM. HLA-E is expressed on trophoblast and interacts with CD94/NKG2 receptors on decidual NK cells. Eur J Immunol 2000;30:1623-1631.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Khalil-Daher I, Riteau B, Merrier C, Sedlik C, Paul P, Dausset J, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N. Role of HLA-G versus HLA-E on NK function: HLA-G is able to inhibit NK cytolysis by itself. J Reprod Immunol 1999;43:175-182.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ponte M, Cantoni C, Biassoni R, Tradori-Cappai A, Bentivoglio G, Vitale C, Bertone S, Moretta A, Moretta L, Mingari MC. Inhibitory receptors sensing HLA-G1 molecules in pregnancy: decidua-associated natural killer cells express LIR-1 and CD94/NKG2A and acquire p49, an HLA-Gl-specific receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:5674-5679.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Shaarawy M, El Meleigy M, Rasheed K. Maternal serum transforming growth factor beta-2 in preeclampsia and eclampsia, a potential biomarker for the assessment of disease severity and fetal outcome. J Soc Gynecol Investig 2001;8:27-31.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Saade GR, ed. Current and evolving concepts in preeclampsia. In: Semin Perinatol. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1999;23(1) 484 pp.

  28. Walsh SW, editor. Endocrinology of preeclampsia. In: Semin Reprod Endocrinol. New York: Thieme, 1998;16(1) 105 pp.

  29. Kharb S. Vitamin E and C in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2000;93:37-39.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Chappell LC, Seed PT, Briley AL, Kelly FJ, Lee R, Hunt BJ, Parmar K, Bewley SJ, Sherman AH, Steer PJ, Poston L. Effect of antioxidants on the occurrence of pre-eclampsia in women at increased risk: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999;354:810-816.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Ferrara N. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in regulation of physiological angiogenesis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001;280:01358-01366.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Jelkmann W. Pitfalls in the measurement of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor. Clin Chem 2001;47:617-623.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Lyall F, Greer IA, Boswell F, Fleming R. Suppression of serum vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1997;104:223-228.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Livingston JC, Chin RC, Haddad B, McKinney ET, Ahokas R, Sibai BM. Reductions of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor concentrations in severe preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:1554-1557.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Heller L, Obermair A, Husslein P, Kainz C, Tempfer C. Vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels in pregnancy and preeclampsia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2000;79:77-78.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Hunter A, Aitkenhead M, Caldwell C, McCracken G, Wilson D, McClure N. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancy. Hypertension 2000;36.

  37. El-Salahy EM, Ahmed MI, El-Gharieb A, Tawfik H. New scope in angiogenesis: Role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), NO, lipid peroxidation, and vitamin E in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia in Egyptian females. Clin Biochem 2001;34:323-329.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Gurski MR, Gonzalez E, Brown EG. Immunochemical localization of platelet-derived growth factor in placenta and its possible role in pre-eclampsia. J Investig Med 1999;47:128-133.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Conrad KP, Miles TM, Benyo DF. Circulating levels of immunoreactive cytokines in women with preeclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 1998;40:102-111.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Williams MA, Mahomed K, Farrand A, Woelk GB, Mudzamiri S, Madzime S, King IB, McDonald GB. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptor p55 (sTNFp55). concentrations in eclamptic, preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant Zimbabwean women. J Reprod Immunol 1998;40:159-173.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Torra IP, Chinetti G, Duval C, Fruchart JC, Staels B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: from transcriptional control to clinical practice. Curr Opin Lipidol 2001;12:245-254.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Odegard RA, Vatten LJ, Nilsen ST, Salvesen KA, Austgulen R. Preeclampsia and fetal growth. Obstet Gynecol 2000;96:950-955.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Peters JM, Lee SS, Li W, Ward JM, Gavrilova O, Everett C, Reitman ML, Hudson LD, Gonzalez FJ. Growth, adipose, brain, and skin alterations resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta(delta). Mol Cell Biol 2000;20:5119-5128.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Barak Y, Nelson M, Ong E, Jones Y, Ruiz-Lozano P, Chien K, Koder A, Evans R. PPARgamma is required for placental, cardiac, and adipose tissue development. Mol Cell 1999;4:585-595.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Costet P, Legendre C, More J, Edgar A, Galtier P, Pineau T. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-isoform deficiency leads to progressive dyslipidemia with sexually dimorphic obesity and steatosis. J Biol Chem 1998;273:29577-29585.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Waite LL, Person EC, Zhou Y, Lim KH, Scanlan TS, Taylor RN. Placental peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is upregulated by pregnancy serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:3808-3814.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Schaiff WT, Carlson MG, Smith SD, Levy R, Nelson DM, Sadovsky Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma modulates differentiation of human trophoblast in a ligand-specific manner. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:3874-3881.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Waite, L.L., Atwood, A.K. & Taylor, R.N. Preeclampsia, an Implantation Disorder. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 3, 151–158 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015411113468

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015411113468

Navigation