Abstract
The expression of dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) mRNA has been compared with that of type I collagen and osteocalcin mRNAs during bone formation in the rat mandible, using in situ hybridization. At embryonic day 15 (E15), type I collagen and osteocalcin mRNAs were expressed by the majority of newly-differentiated osteoblasts attached to unmineralized bone matrices, whereas Dmp1 mRNA expression was confined to only a few osteoblasts. Expression of these genes increased as the number of osteoblasts increased in specimens from E16 to E18. At E20, expression of Dmp1, type I collagen and osteocalcin was also observed in osteocytes. Dmp1 expression continued in osteocytes as they matured up to the 90-day-old specimens, whereas type I collagen and osteocalcin expression in osteocytes almost disappeared at 30 days of postnatal life. In contrast, osteoblasts continued to express type I collagen and osteocalcin in 90-day-old rats, but transiently expressed Dmp1 mRNA, which was seen in the minority of osteoblasts at 14 days of postnatal life. These data show that the developmental expression patterns of Dmp1 in osteogenic differentiation differ from those of type I collagen and osteocalcin, and Dmp1 appears to be expressed by osteocytes throughout ossification in the skeleton. These observations indicate that Dmp1 may serve unique biological functions in osteocyte and bone metabolism.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aarden EM, Burger EH, Nijweide PJ (1994) Function of osteocytes in bone. J Cell Biochem 55: 287–299.
Aubin JE (1998) Advances in the osteoblast lineage. Biochem Cell Biol 76: 899–910.
Aubin JE, Liu F, Malaval L, Gupta AK (1995) Osteoblast and chondroblast differentiation. Bone 17: 77S–83S.
Boskey AL (1989) Noncollagenous matrix proteins and their role in mineralization. Bone Miner 6: 111–123.
Brandsten C, Lundmark C, Christersson C, Hammarström L, Wurtz T (1999) Expression of collagen α1(I) mRNA variants during tooth and bone formation in the rat. J Dent Res 78: 11–19.
Butler WT(1984) Matrix macromolecules of bone and dentin. Coll Relat Res 4: 297–307.
Celeste AJ, Rosen V, Buecker JL, Kriz R, Wang EA, Wozney JM(1986) Isolation of the human gene for bone gla protein utilizing mouse and rat cDNA clones. EMBO J 5: 1885–1890.
Chen J, Shapiro HS, Sodek J (1992) Development expression of bone sialoproteinmRNAin rat mineralized connective tissues. J Bone Miner Res 7: 987–997.
Cowles EA, DeRome ME, Pastizzo G, Brailey LL, Gronowicz GA(1998) Mineralization and the expression of matrix proteins during in vivo bone development. Calcif Tissue Int 62: 74–82.
D'souza RN, Cavender A, Sunavala G, Alvarez J, Ohshima T, Kulkarni AB, MacDougall M (1997) Gene expression patterns of murine dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) suggest distinct developmental functions in vivo. J Bone Miner Res 12: 2040–2049.
Fisher LW, Termine JD (1985) Noncollagenous proteins influencing the local mechanisms of calcification. Clin Orthop 200: 362–385.
George A, Sabsay B, Simonian PAL, Veis A (1993) Characterization of a novel dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein. J Biol Chem 268: 12624–12630.
George A, Gui J, Jenkins NA, Gilbert DJ, Copeland NG, Veis A (1994) In situ localization and chromosomal mapping of the AG1 (Dmp1) gene. J Histochem Cytochem 42: 1527–1531.
George A, Silberstein R, Veis A (1995) In situ hybridization shows Dmp1 (AG1) to be a developmentally regulated dentin-specific protein produced by mature odontoblasts. Connect Tissue Res 33: 67–72.
Heinegàrd D, Oldberg Å(1989) Structure and biology of cartilage and bone matrix noncollagenous macromolecules. FASEB J 3: 2042–2051.
Heinegàrd D, Hultenby K, Oldberg Å Reinholt F, Wendel M (1989) Macromolecules in bone matrix. Connect Tissue Res 21: 13–14.
Hirst KL, Ibaraki-O'Connor K, Young MF, Dixon MJ(1997) Cloning and expression analysis of the bovine dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein gene. J Dent Res 76: 754–760.
Ibaraki K, Termine JD, Whitson SW, Young MF (1992) Bone matrix mRNA expression in differentiating fetal bovine osteoblasts. Bone Miner Res 7: 743–754.
Kulkarni GV, Chen B, Malone JP, Narayanan AS, George A (2000) Promotion of selective cell attachment by theRGDsequence in dentine matrix protein 1. Arch Oral Biol 45: 475–484.
Lillie RD, Fullmer HM (1976) Histopathologic Technique and Practical Histochemistry, 4th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc, pp. 539–540.
MacDougall M, Gu TT, Luan X, Simmons D, Chen J (1998) Identification of a novel isoform of mouse dentin matrix protein 1: spatial expression in mineralized tissues.J Bone Miner Res 13: 422–431.
Marks SC, Popoff SN (1988) Bone cell biology: the regulation of development, structure, and function in the skeleton. Am J Anat 183: 1–44.
Nakase T, Takaoka K, Hirakawa K, Hirota S, Takemura T, Onoue H, Takebayashi K, Kitamura Y, Nomura S (1994) Alterations in the expression of osteonectin, osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNAs during the development of skeletal tissues in vivo. Bone Miner 26: 109–122.
Nijweide PJ, Burger EH, Feyen JHM (1986) Cells of bone: proliferation, differentiation, and hormonal regulation. Physiol Rev 66: 855–886.
Owen TA, Aronow M, Shalhoub V, Barone LM, Wilming L, Tassinari MS, Kennedy MB, Pockwinse S, Lian JB, Stein GS (1990) Progressive development of the rat osteoblast phenotype in vitro: reciprocal relationships in expression of genes associated with osteoblast proliferation and differentiation during formation of the bone extracellular matrix. J Cell Physiol 143: 420–430.
Parfitt AM (1977) The cellular basis of bone turnover and bone loss: a rebuttal of the osteocytic resorption-bone flow theory. Clin Orthop 127: 236–247.
Qin C, Brunn JC, Jones J, George A, Ramachandran A, Gorski JP, Butler WT (2001) A comparative study of sialic acid-rich proteins in rat bone and dentin. Eur J Oral Sci 109: 133–141.
Rodan GA, Noda M (1991) Gene expression in osteoblastic cells. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 1: 85–98.
Thotakura SR, Karthikeyan N, Smith T, Liu K, George A (2000) Cloning and characterization of rat dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) gene and its 5'-upstream region. J Biol Chem 275: 10272–10277.
Tokuyasu KT (1986) Application of cryoultramicrotomy to immunocytochemistry. J Microsc 143: 139–149.
Yao KL, Todescan R Jr, Sodek J (1994) Temporal changes in matrix protein synthesis and mRNA expression during mineralized tissue formation by adult rat bone marrow cells in culture. J Bone Miner Res 9: 231–240.
Yoon K, Buenaga R, Rodan GA (1987) Tissue specificity and developmental expression of rat osteopontin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 148: 1129–1136.
Zhou H, Choong P, McCarthy R, Chou ST, Martin TJ, Ng KW (1994) In situ hybridization to show sequential expression of osteoblast gene markers during bone formation in vivo. J Bone Miner Res 9: 1489–1499.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kamiya, N., Takagi, M. Differential Expression of Dentin Matrix Protein 1, Type I Collagen And Osteocalcin Genes in Rat Developing Mandibular Bone. Histochem J 33, 545–552 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014955925339
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014955925339