Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T18:39:20.064Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Teachers’ Perceptions of Relationship Enhancement Upon Implementation of the Social Emotional Learning Program in Latvia: Focus Group Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2017

Baiba Martinsone*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
Sabine Vilcina
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
*
ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Baiba Martinsone, Jūrmalas gatve 76, Riga, LV1083, Latvia. Email: baiba.martinsone@lu.lv
Get access

Abstract

The goal of this study was to elicit and analyse teachers’ reflections on the benefits of the implementation of the SEL program in Latvia, both in regard to benefits for the students and in regard to benefits for themselves. The school-wide Latvia SEL program was initiated during the 2012–13 academic year and to date has been implemented in 41 Latvian schools. In order to ascertain the teachers’ views on issues of program effectiveness, seven focus groups were organised consisting of teachers who had participated in the SEL program implementation. Thematic analysis of the focus group discussions indicated that the teachers appreciate various benefits of the SEL program, but among the most prominent themes were those concerning improved relationships, both student-student and student-teacher relationships. The views expressed by the teachers align with previous studies implying the significance of the teachers’ own social and emotional competencies in facilitating quality maintenance of the program.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Benbassat, N., & Priel, B. (2015). Why is fathers’ reflective function important? Psychoanalytic Psychology, 32, 122.Google Scholar
Berndt, T.J., & Keefe, K. (1995). Friends’ influence on adolescents’ adjustment to school. Child Development, 66, 13121329.Google Scholar
Birch, S.H., & Ladd, G.W. (1997). The teacher–child relationship and children's early school adjustment. Journal of School Psychology, 35, 6179.Google Scholar
Catalano, R.F., Berglund, M.L., Ryan, J.A.M., Lonczak, H.S, & Hawkins, J.D. (2004). Positive Youth Development in the United States: Research Findings on Evaluations of Positive Youth Development Programs. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 98124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL). (2012). 2013 CASEL Guide: Effective social and emotional learning programs: Preschool and elementary school edition. Chicago, IL: Author.Google Scholar
Collie, R.J., Shapka, J.D., Perry, N.E., & Martin, A.J. (2015). Teachers’ beliefs about social-emotional learning: Identifying teacher profiles and their relations with job stress and satisfaction. Learning and Instruction, 39, 148157. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2015.06.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denham, S.A., & Weissberg, R.P. (2004). Social-emotional learning in early childhood: What we know and where to go from here. In Chesebrough, E., King, P., Gullotta, T.P., & Bloom, M. (Eds.), A blueprint for the promotion of prosocial behavior in early childhood (pp. 1350). New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.Google Scholar
Durlak, J.A., Weissberg, R.P., Dymnicki, A.B., Taylor, R.D., & Schellinger, K.B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, 82, 405432.Google Scholar
Elbertson, N., Brackett, M., & Weissberg, R. (2010). School-based social and emotional learning (SEL) programming: Current perspectives. In Hargreaves, A., Lieberman, A., Fullan, M., & Hopkins, D. (Eds.), Second international handbook of educational change (pp. 10171032). London: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elias, M.J. (2009). Social-emotional and character development and academics as a dual focus of educational policy. Educational Policy, 23, 831846.Google Scholar
Elias, M. (2010). Sustainability of social-emotional learning and related programs: Lessons from a field study. The International Journal of Emotional Education, 2, 1733.Google Scholar
Elias, M.J., Leverett, L., Duffell, J., Humphrey, N., Stepney, C.T., & Ferrito, J.J. (2015). Integrating social-emotional learning with related prevention and youth-development approaches. In Durlak, J.A., Cormitovich, C., Weissberg, R.P., & Gullota, T.P. (Eds.), Handbook of social and emotional learning (SEL): Research and practice (pp. 3349). New York, NY: Guilford.Google Scholar
Elias, M.J., Zins, J., Weissberg, R.P., Frey, K., Greenberg, M.T., Haynes, N., . . . Shiver, T.P. (1997). Promoting social and emotional learning: Guidelines for educators. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.Google Scholar
Gilliam, W.S., & Shahar, G. (2006). Preschool and child care expulsion and suspension: Rates and predictors in one state. Infants and Young Children, 19, 228–45.Google Scholar
Gunter, L., Caldarella, P., Korth, B., & Young, K.R. (2012). Promoting social and emotional learning in preschool students: A study of Strong Start Pre-K. Early Childhood Education Journal, 40, 151159.Google Scholar
Jennings, P.A., & Greenberg, M.T. (2009). The prosocial classroom: Teacher social and emotional competence in relation to student and classroom outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 79, 491525.Google Scholar
Joffe, H., & Yardley, L. (2004). Content and thematic analysis. In Marks, D.F. & Yardley, L. (Eds.), Research methods for clinical and health psychology (pp. 5668). London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Jones, S.M., & Bouffard, S.M. (2012). Social and emotional learning in schools: From programs to strategies. Sharing Child and Youth Development Knowledge, 26, 322.Google Scholar
Kress, J.S., & Elias, M.J. (2006). Implementing school-based social and emotional learning programs: Navigating developmental crossroads . In Sigel, I. & Renninger, A. (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology (pp. 592617). New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Krueger, R.A., & Casey, M.A. (2015). Focus groups. A practical guide for applied research (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Ladd, G.W., Birch, S.H., & Buhs, E.S. (1999). Children's social and scholastic lives in kindergarten: Related spheres of influence? Child Development, 70, 13731400.Google Scholar
Mart, A.K., Weissberg, R.P., & Kendziora, K. (2015). Systemic support for SEL in school districts. In Durlak, J.A, Domitrovich, C.E., Weissberg, R.P., & Gullotta, T.P. (Eds.), Handbook of social and emotional learning: Research and practice. New York, NY: Guilford.Google Scholar
Martinsone, B. (2016). Social emotional learning: Implementation of sustainability-oriented program in Latvia. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 18, 5768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martinsone, B., & Damberga, I. (2016). Qualitative analysis of teachers’ written self-reflections after implementation of social emotional learning program in Latvia. International Journal of School and Educational Psychology, 72, 625638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21683603.2016.1225236 Google Scholar
Martinsone, B., & Niedre, R. (2013). Sociāli emocionālā audzināšana. Rokasgrāmata. [Social emotional learning. Handbook]. Riga, Latvia: The University of Latvia.Google Scholar
Merrell, K.W., & Guelder, B.A. (2010). Social and emotional learning in the classroom: Promoting mental health and academic success. New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Murray, C., & Greenberg, M.T. (2000). Children's relationship with teachers and bonds with school: An investigation of patterns and correlates in middle childhood. Journal of Social Psychology, 38, 423445.Google Scholar
Odabasi Cimer, S., & Palic, G. (2012). Teachers’ perceptions and practices of reflection. International Journal of Educational Research and Technology, 3, 5260.Google Scholar
Pianta, R.C., Hamre, B., & Stuhlman, M. (2003). Relationships between teachers and children. In Reynolds, W. and Miller, H. (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology, vol. 7, educational psychology (pp. 199234). New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
Raver, C.C., Garner, P., & Smith-Donald, R. (2007). The roles of emotion regulation and emotion knowledge for children's academic readiness: Are the links causal? In Pianta, B., Snow, K., & Cox, M. (Eds.), School readiness and the transition to kindergarten in the era of accountability. Baltimore, MD: Brookes.Google Scholar
Raver, C., & Knitzer, J. (2002). Ready to enter: What research tells policymakers about strategies to promote social and emotional school readiness among three- and four-year old children. New York, NY: National Center for Children in Poverty.Google Scholar
Reyes, M.R., Brackett, M.A., Rivers, S.E., Elbertson, N.A., & Salovey, P. (2012). The interaction effects of program training, dosage, and implementation quality on targeted student outcomes for The RULER approach to social and emotional learning. School Psychology Review, 41, 8299.Google Scholar
Richardson, B.G., & Shupe, M.J. (2003). The importance of teacher self-awareness in working with students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Teaching Exceptional Children, 36, 813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rimm-Kaufman, S.E., Pianta, R.C., & Cox, M.J. (2000). Teachers’ judgments of problems in the transition to kindergarten. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 15, 147166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roorda, D.L., Koomen, H.M.Y., Spilt, J.L., & Oort, F.J. (2011). The influence of affective teacher-student relationships on students’ school engagement and achievement. Review of Educational Research, 81, 493529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sklad, M., Diekstra, R., Ritter, M.D., Ben, J., & Gravestein, C. (2012). Effectiveness of school-based universal social, emotional, and behavioral programs: Do they enhance students’ development in the area of skill, behavior, and adjustment? Psychology in the Schools, 49, 892909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spilt, J.L., Koomen, H.M.Y., & Thijs, J.T. (2011). Teacher wellbeing: the importance of teacher-student relationships. Educational Psychology Review, 23, 457477.Google Scholar
Weaver, L., & Wilding, M. (2013). The 5 dimensions of engaged teaching. Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press.Google Scholar
Williford, A.P., & Wolcott, C.S. (2015). SEL and student–teacher relationships. In Durlak, J.A., Domitrovich, C.E., Weissberg, R.P., & Gullotta, T.P. (Eds.), Handbook of social and emotional learning: Research and practice. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Zins, J., Weissberg, R., Wang, M., & Walberg, H. (Eds.). (2004). Building academic success on social and emotional learning: What does the research say? New York, NY: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar